Role of surfactant structure in aqueous dispersions of carbon nanotubes

Poorgholami-Bejarpasi, Niaz; Sohrabi, Beheshteh

doi:10.1016/j.fluid.2015.02.032

Cited by 32 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Application and Characterization of Surfactants 132 which limit their potential applications [261,262]. Cationic surfactants are widely used to disperse CNT in water even at low concentration giving stable solutions for long time [263].…”

Section: Dispersionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifunctional Gemini Surfactants: Structure, Synthesis, Properties and Applications

Brycki¹,

Kowalczyk²,

Szulc³

et al. 2017

Application and Characterization of Surfactants

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Gemini cationic surfactants are compounds which are composed of two hydrophilic head groups and two hydrophobic tails linked by a spacer at the head groups or closed to them. The spacer can be either hydrophobic or hydrophilic. It can be rigid or flexible. The neutral charge of the molecule is retained by the presence of organic or inorganic counterions. Critical micelle concentrations (CMCs), surface tension (γ) and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) are dozen times lower than corresponding parameters of monomeric surfactants. The unique properties of gemini surfactants with a wide range of hydrophiliclipophilic balance (HLB) make them a very useful, innovative material in detergents, cosmetics, personal care products, additives for paints and coatings, biocides, material science, organic synthesis, pharmacy, textiles, enhanced oil recovery, nanotechnology, petroleum and many other branches of life. A large number of papers concerning gemini surfactants have been published so far. This review presents a synthetic look at current work devoted to structure, synthesis and applications of gemini surfactants.

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Section: Dispersionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifunctional Gemini Surfactants: Structure, Synthesis, Properties and Applications

Brycki¹,

Kowalczyk²,

Szulc³

et al. 2017

Application and Characterization of Surfactants

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show abstract

“…This also creates many uncertainties and uncontrolled variables when mixed with concrete. Also, various polymers or water are used for the dispersion of CNTs with the help of ultrasonication [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. A detailed report on the effect of the functionalization of CNTs for the use of concrete/mortar by various research groups was discussed by Krause et al [35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydration Phenomena of Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes (CNT)/Cement Composites

Balasubramaniam

Mondal

Ramasamy

et al. 2017

Fibers

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Abstract:The exciting features of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), such as high elastic modulus, high thermal and electrical conductivities, robustness, and nanoscopic surface properties make them attractive candidates for the cement industry. They have the potential to significantly enhanceengineering properties. CNTs play an important and critical role as nano-anchors in concrete, which enhance the strength by bridging pores in the composite matrix, thereby ensuring robust mechanical strength. The diameter, dispersion, aspect ratio, and interfacial surface interaction of CNTs affect the physical and mechanical properties of concrete, if due care is not taken. In this paper, the usable amount of CNT is scaled down considerably from 0.5% to 0.025% by weight of the cement and the fluctuation caused by these phenomena is assessed. It is observed that the properties and exact quantities of incorporated CNTs influence the hydration and consistency of the composites. In order to address these issues, the surface functionalization of CNTs and rheological studies of the composites are performed. The hydration products and functional groups are carefully optimized and characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and a Zeta potential analyzer. For Mixes 6 and 7, the compressive and tensile strength of CNTs incorporated in mortar specimens caused 77% and 48% increases in split tensile strength, respectively, and 17% and 35% increases in compressive strength, respectively, after 28 days of curing and compared withthe control Mix.

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“…A number of simulation studies are now available for surfactants on CNTs of different diameters. − For the scope of the present article, these reports are useful because they clearly show how lateral confinement and the curvature of the support modulate the structure of the self-assembled surfactant aggregates. Direct experimental validation of the simulations is difficult because it requires the ability to differentiate surfactants within the adsorbed aggregates.…”

Section: Simulation Evidence Of the Effects Of Lateral Confinementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surfactant Assemblies on Selected Nanostructured Surfaces: Evidence, Driving Forces, and Applications

Striolo

Grady

2017

Langmuir

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Surfactant adsorption at solid-liquid interfaces is critical for a number of applications of vast industrial interest and can also be used to seed surface-modification processes. Many of the surfaces of interest are nanostructured, as they might present surface roughness at the molecular scale, chemical heterogeneity, as well as a combination of both surface roughness and chemical heterogeneity. These effects provide lateral confinement on the surfactant aggregates. It is of interest to quantify how much surfactant adsorbs on such nanostructured surfaces and how the surfactant aggregates vary as the degree of lateral confinement changes. This review focuses on experimental evidence on selected substrates, including gold- and carbon-based substrates, suggesting that lateral confinement can have pronounced effects both on the amount adsorbed and on the morphology of the aggregates as well as on a systematic study, via diverse simulation approaches, on the effect of lateral confinement on the structure of the surfactant aggregates. Atomistic and coarse-grained simulations conducted for surfactants on graphene sheets and carbon nanotubes are reviewed, as well as coarse-grained simulations for surfactant adsorption on nanostructured surfaces. Finally, we suggest a few possible extensions of these studies that could positively impact a few practical applications. In particular, the simultaneous effect of lateral confinement and of the coadsorption of molecular compounds within the surface aggregates is expected to yield interesting fundamental results with long-lasting consequences in applications ranging from drug delivery to the design of advanced materials.

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Role of surfactant structure in aqueous dispersions of carbon nanotubes

Cited by 32 publications

References 32 publications

Multifunctional Gemini Surfactants: Structure, Synthesis, Properties and Applications

Multifunctional Gemini Surfactants: Structure, Synthesis, Properties and Applications

Hydration Phenomena of Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes (CNT)/Cement Composites

Surfactant Assemblies on Selected Nanostructured Surfaces: Evidence, Driving Forces, and Applications

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