Role of secondary metabolites in plant defense against pathogens

Zaynab, Madiha; Fatima, Mahpara; Abbas, Safdar; Sharif, Yasir; Umair, Muhammad; Zafar, Muhammad Mubashar; Bahadar, Khalida

doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2018.08.034

Cited by 470 publications

(301 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Phenolics are among the secondary metabolites that are involved in plant protection [58]. In this study, the accumulation of phenolics content was noticed, accompanied with infection and/or H 2 O 2 treatments.…”

Section: Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 60%

The Impact of Hydrogen Peroxide Against Cucumber Green Mottle Mosaic Virus Infection in Watermelon Plants

Radwan

Ismail

2020

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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The aim of this work was to study the effects of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) application against cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) infection in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) plants. From the obtained results, the induced resistance using H 2 O 2 treatments caused a delay in the appearance of CGMMV symptoms in watermelon plants. The viral infection showed abnormal morphological symptoms such as mosaics, yellow blisters and reduction in size. Pretreatment with H 2 O 2 before infection was beneficial in increasing the contents of pigments, total proteins, total free amino acids and proline. Consequently, plants appeared morphologically similar to healthy controls. Signaling the effect of the H 2 O 2 treatment could induce partial resistance or delay the appearance of symptoms and decreased virus concentration. The induced mechanism of resistance was suggested to be through alterations of plant antioxidant status-both enzymatic and non-enzymatic. All analyzed antioxidant enzymes were induced in response to H 2 O 2 ±CGMMV. due to the H 2 O 2 application prior to infection, malondialdehyde (MdA) content was reduced, indicating a lowering in lipid peroxidation caused by virus infection. On the other hand, internal H 2 O 2 and phenolics contents were induced in H 2 O 2 + CGMMV-treated leaves. To confirm: total antioxidant activity was increased to be double the value (80.67%) of that recorded in healthy plants (47.18%), indicating changes in antioxidant status as a response to H 2 O 2 and/or CGMMV infection. This work provided evidence of the signaling role of exogenous H 2 O 2 , which led to systemic acquired resistance (SAR) induction acting against CGMMV infection in watermelon plants. From the present findings, a suggestion of spraying of H 2 O 2 might be helpful in avoiding the appearance of CGMMV severe symptoms throughout the plants' life.

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Section: Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 60%

The Impact of Hydrogen Peroxide Against Cucumber Green Mottle Mosaic Virus Infection in Watermelon Plants

Radwan

Ismail

2020

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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“…First, plants have physical obstacles, such as waxes, dense cuticles, and special trichomes, which stop pathogens or insects from settling on plants. Furthermore, plants generate chemical complexes to protect themselves against herbivores and pathogens [4]. Additionally, plants can recognize pathogens via two pathways that activate defense responses.…”

Section: How Plants Defend Themselves Against Biotic Stressesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melatonin and Its Protective Role against Biotic Stress Impacts on Plants

Almoneafy²,

et al. 2019

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A.A.); shaoyingai@21cn.com (S.A.); Tel.: +86-186-8050-4072 (M.M.-F.); +967-777766831 (A.A); +86-020-3288-5970 (S.A.) † These authors contributed equally to this work.Abstract: Biotic stress causes immense damage to agricultural products worldwide and raises the risk of hunger in many areas. Plants themselves tolerate biotic stresses via several pathways, including pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), which trigger immunity and plant resistance (R) proteins. On the other hand, humans use several non-ecofriendly methods to control biotic stresses, such as chemical applications. Compared with chemical control, melatonin is an ecofriendly compound that is an economical alternative strategy which can be used to protect animals and plants from attacks via pathogens. In plants, the bactericidal capacity of melatonin was verified against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, as well as multidrug-resistant Gram-negative and -positive bacteria under in vitro conditions. Regarding plant-bacteria interaction, melatonin has presented effective antibacterial activities against phytobacterial pathogens. In plant-fungi interaction models, melatonin was found to play a key role in plant resistance to Botrytis cinerea, to increase fungicide susceptibility, and to reduce the stress tolerance of Phytophthora infestans. In plant-virus interaction models, melatonin not only efficiently eradicated apple stem grooving virus (ASGV) from apple shoots in vitro (making it useful for the production of virus-free plants) but also reduced tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) viral RNA and virus concentration in infected Nicotiana glutinosa and Solanum lycopersicum seedlings. Indeed, melatonin has unique advantages in plant growth regulation and increasing plant resistance effectiveness against different forms of biotic and abiotic stress. Although considerable work has been done regarding the role of melatonin in plant tolerance to abiotic stresses, its role in biotic stress remains unclear and requires clarification. In our review, we summarize the work that has been accomplished so far; highlight melatonin's function in plant tolerance to pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi; and determine the direction required for future studies on this topic.

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“…However, the production of these substances can be influenced by responses to herbivorous attacks and suffer interference from seasonal factors such as altitude, lighting, and seasonality, which directly affects their biological properties. [1,2] Studies have shown that essential oils have significant antifungal effects against Candida spp. [3] and dermatophytes, as Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Microsporum canis, Microsporum gypseum, Epidermophyton floccosum, among others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antichemotactic and Antifungal Action of the Essential Oils from Cryptocarya aschersoniana, Schinus terebinthifolia, and Cinnamomum amoenum

Maciel

Lacerda

Danielli

et al. 2019

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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The purpose of this work was to determine the chemical composition and evaluate the antichemotactic, antioxidant, and antifungal activities of the essential oil obtained from the species Cryptocarya aschersoniana Mez, Cinnamomum amoenum (Ness & Mart.) Kosterm., and Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi, as well as the combination of C. aschersoniana essential oil and terbinafine against isolates of dermatophytes. Allo‐aromadendrene, bicyclogermacrene, and germacrene B were identified as major compounds in essential oils. The essential oil of C. aschersoniana shown 100 % inhibitory effect on leukocyte migration at the concentration of 10 μg/mL while S. terebinthifolia oil presented 80.1 % inhibitory effect at the same concentration. Only S. terebinthifolia oil possessed free‐radical‐scavenging activity which indicates its antioxidant capacity. The essential oils were also tested against fungal isolates of dermatophyte species (Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Microsporum canis and Microsporum gypseum), resulting in MIC ranging from 125 μg/mL to over 500 μg/mL. C. aschersoniana oil combined with terbinafine resulted in an additive interaction effect. In this case, the essential oil may act as a complement to conventional therapy for the topical treatment of superficial fungal infections, mainly because it is associated with an anti‐inflammatory effect.

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Role of secondary metabolites in plant defense against pathogens

Cited by 470 publications

References 80 publications

The Impact of Hydrogen Peroxide Against Cucumber Green Mottle Mosaic Virus Infection in Watermelon Plants

The Impact of Hydrogen Peroxide Against Cucumber Green Mottle Mosaic Virus Infection in Watermelon Plants

Melatonin and Its Protective Role against Biotic Stress Impacts on Plants

Antichemotactic and Antifungal Action of the Essential Oils from Cryptocarya aschersoniana, Schinus terebinthifolia, and Cinnamomum amoenum

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