The Impact of Hydrogen Peroxide Against Cucumber Green Mottle Mosaic Virus Infection in Watermelon Plants

Abstract

The aim of this work was to study the effects of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) application against cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) infection in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) plants. From the obtained results, the induced resistance using H 2 O 2 treatments caused a delay in the appearance of CGMMV symptoms in watermelon plants. The viral infection showed abnormal morphological symptoms such as mosaics, yellow blisters and reduction in size. Pretreatment with H 2 O 2 before infection was beneficial in increasing the contents of pigments, total proteins, total free amino acids and proline. Consequently, plants appeared morphologically similar to healthy controls. Signaling the effect of the H 2 O 2 treatment could induce partial resistance or delay the appearance of symptoms and decreased virus concentration. The induced mechanism of resistance was suggested to be through alterations of plant antioxidant status-both enzymatic and non-enzymatic. All analyzed antioxidant enzymes were induced in response to H 2 O 2 ±CGMMV. due to the H 2 O 2 application prior to infection, malondialdehyde (MdA) content was reduced, indicating a lowering in lipid peroxidation caused by virus infection. On the other hand, internal H 2 O 2 and phenolics contents were induced in H 2 O 2 + CGMMV-treated leaves. To confirm: total antioxidant activity was increased to be double the value (80.67%) of that recorded in healthy plants (47.18%), indicating changes in antioxidant status as a response to H 2 O 2 and/or CGMMV infection. This work provided evidence of the signaling role of exogenous H 2 O 2 , which led to systemic acquired resistance (SAR) induction acting against CGMMV infection in watermelon plants. From the present findings, a suggestion of spraying of H 2 O 2 might be helpful in avoiding the appearance of CGMMV severe symptoms throughout the plants' life.

Foliar Application of Nanoclay Promotes Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Growth and Induces Systemic Resistance against Potato Virus Y

“…for MDA and H 2 O 2 , respectively) ( Figure 6 ). These results are consistent with those found in many other studies of viral infections in plants [ 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 ]. The increase in the level of oxidative stress markers in plant cells that are infected is thought to be a defense mechanism against infection.…”

Reduction of cassava mosaic geminiviruses from infected stem cuttings using salicylic acid, hydrogen peroxide and hot water treatment

“…Hydrogen peroxide is also one of the chemical inducers of SAR, which in turn signals the activation of defence genes and the formation of phytoalexins (Hernández et al., 2016; Kuźniak & Urbanek, 2000; Liao et al., 2013; Orozco‐Cardenas & Ryan, 1999). It has been reported that H 2 O 2 plays a signalling role in plants under stress and pathogen defence, particularly against virus infection (Radwan & Ismail, 2020). In the current study, treatment of stem cuttings with 1% H 2 O 2 eliminated EACMV and ACMV in more than 77.8% of the sprouted plants.…”

“…(2019), where exogenous application of H 2 O 2 protected pepper plants from pepper golden mosaic virus. Radwan and Ismail (2020) found that exogenous application of H 2 O 2 in watermelon plants protected the plants from cucumber green mottle mosaic virus infection, demonstrating the useful application of H 2 O 2 in a range of plant–virus systems. However, the use of a higher concentration of H 2 O 2 in the current study and exposure time compromised the survival and growth of plants.…”

“…Some PR proteins function as signal molecules in the initiation of systemic acquired resistance (SAR). H 2 O 2 induces gene expression and production of enzymes needed in defence of plants against viruses and is a ROS released upon infection of plants by pathogens (Mejía‐Teniente et al., 2019; Radwan & Ismail, 2020).…”

Examination of Different Sporidium Numbers of Ustilago maydis Infection on Two Hungarian Sweet Corn Hybrids’ Characteristics at Vegetative and Generative Stages

“…Similar studies also reported the effects of infection with various diseases on antioxidant enzyme activities. The Cucumber Green Mottle Mosaic Virus infection induced higher APX, POX, and SOD activities in cucumber plants [ 84 ]. The results of Kovács et al [ 85 ] showed higher APX, POX, and SOD activities in European chestnut leaves infected with Cryphonectria parasitica .…”