2007
DOI: 10.1111/j.1478-4408.2006.00053.x
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Role of quaternary ammonium salts in improving the fastness properties of anionic dyes on cellulose fibres

Abstract: The object of this study was to review the developments taking place during 1990–2005 regarding the use of quaternary ammonium salts as dye fixing agents for improving the fastness properties of anionic dyes on cellulose fibres. As far as fastness properties are concerned, this review is restricted only to fastness to light, washing and water treatments.

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Cited by 19 publications
(7 citation statements)
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“…This is because the QAS increases the dye fixation and less dye is wasted in the process. 25 The lightness values ( L ) and color coordinates ( a * b *) also depict that the color shade yielded from the single-step dyeing and finishing process was darker and deeper than the shade obtained from dyeing only. The lower value of the standard deviation shows that the dyed sample has high color uniformity, as color uniformity is inversely proportional to the standard deviation of K / S values.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This is because the QAS increases the dye fixation and less dye is wasted in the process. 25 The lightness values ( L ) and color coordinates ( a * b *) also depict that the color shade yielded from the single-step dyeing and finishing process was darker and deeper than the shade obtained from dyeing only. The lower value of the standard deviation shows that the dyed sample has high color uniformity, as color uniformity is inversely proportional to the standard deviation of K / S values.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It is difficult to obtain dyed textiles with wash fastness ratings above 4 in the Grey Scale (Section 5.4.3). To overcome this issue, subsequent chemical treatments, based mainly on the use of metal salts or cationic active agents, are applied to improve fastness (Sharif et al, 2007). (ii) Cellulosic fibres and insolubilized dyes (azoic, vat, and sulphur): This class of dyes are insoluble in water.…”
Section: Cellulosic Fibres and Their Dyesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Cationization has already been used on cotton fabric to improve its affinity toward different dye classes (El-Shishtawy and Nassar 2002;Frazer 2002;Hashem et al 2003;Subramanian Senthil Kannan et al 2006;Montazer et al 2007;Sharif et al 2007). Although its application to dye removal was initially proposed (Karnik 2002;Wang 2005), it was not further developed.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 95%