Role of Prolactin in the Recovered T‐Cell Development ofEarly Partially Decapitated Chicken Embryo

Moreno, Javier; Varas, Alberto; Vicente, Ángeles; Zapata, A.

doi:10.1155/1998/93086

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(49 reference statements)

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“…PRL regulates maturation of CD4 − CD8 − thymocytes to CD4 + CD8 + T cells and affects B cell lymphopoiesis 13,14 . PRL decreases B cell apoptosis and inhibits the negative selection of autoreactive B lymphocytes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Biomarkers in Autoimmune Diseases

Orbach

Zandman‐Goddard

Amital

et al. 2007

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

214

145

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The development of autoimmune diseases may be influenced by hormonal, immunomodulatory, and metabolic pathways. Prolactin (PRL), ferritin, vitamin D, and the tumor marker tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) were measured in autoimmune diseases: systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclerosis (SSc), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), polymyositis (PM), dermatomyositis (DM), multiple sclerosis (MS), autoimmune thyroid diseases, and antiphospholipid syndrome. Hyperprolactinemia (HPRL) was detected in 24% of PM patients, in 21% of SLE patients, in 6.7% of MS patients, 6% of RA patients, and in 3% of SSc patients. Hyperferritinemia was detected in 23% of SLE patients, 15% of DM patients, 8% of MS patients, and 4% of RA patients. The patients had relatively low levels of 25 OH Vitamin D: the average results (mean +/- SD) were between 9.3 +/- 4.4 to 13.7 +/- 7.1 ng/mL in the different diseases, while the 25 OH Vitamin D concentrations less than 20 ng/mL are regarded as deficient. TPA levels were in the same range of the controls, elevated only in SLE. HPRL, hyperferritinemia, hypovitaminosis D, and TPA levels did not correlate with SLE activity elevated levels of rheumatoid factor or anti-CCP antibodies in RA. HPRL, hyperferritinemia, and hypovitaminosis D have different immunological implications in the pathogenesis of the autoimmune diseases. Preventive treatment with vitamin D or therapy for HPRL with dopamine agonists, may be considered in certain cases. Hyperferritinemia may be used as an acute-phase reactant marker in autoimmune diseases mainly SLE. TPA may be used to indicate the tendency for malignancies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Biomarkers in Autoimmune Diseases

Orbach

Zandman‐Goddard

Amital

et al. 2007

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

214

145

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“…The data show that SP CD4 + thymocytes frequency was reduced significantly in malnourished rats. Under experimental conditions, the inhibition of thymocyte development caused an accumulation of immature CD4 ‐ CD8 ‐ thymocytes within the organ [23]. In addition, impairment of the transition switch of the CD45 isoforms from CD45RA + (naive cells) to CD45RO + (memory cells) was reported in CD4 + and CD8 + T cells from the spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes and blood of weaning malnourished mice [24] and in peripheral blood lymphocytes from malnourished children [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malnutrition alters the rates of apoptosis in splenocytes and thymocyte subpopulations of rats

Ortiz

Cortés

et al. 2008

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SummaryMalnutrition continues to be a major public health problem throughout the developing world. Nutritional deficiencies may be the most common cause of secondary immunodeficiency states in humans. It has been suggested that nutritional imbalances can induce apoptosis in a variety of cell types. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of severe malnutrition on cell subsets and the frequency of spontaneous and/or dexamethasone-induced cell death in vivo in the thymus and spleen from severely malnourished, lactating rats. Apoptosis frequency was estimated by flow cytometry using annexin-V and terminal transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labelling assay assays. The results obtained in the present study indicate that malnutrition is associated with a significant increase of spontaneously apoptotic cells in the thymus (9·8-fold) and spleen (2·4-fold). Increase in apoptosis was associated largely with CD4 + CD8 + double-positive thymocytes. Unexpectedly, similar frequencies of spontaneous apoptosis of these cells were found in both wellnourished and malnourished rats. In contrast, consistent increases in the apoptosis of CD4 -CD8 -double-negative thymocytes were observed in malnourished rats. In addition, single-positive CD8+ and single-positive CD4 + thymocytes had higher frequencies of apoptosis in malnourished rats. The frequency of total dexamethasone-induced apoptosis was found to be similar in both groups of animals. Nevertheless, in malnourished dexamethasonetreated animals, the percentage of apoptotic double-negative thymocytes was significantly higher than in well-nourished animals, while the rate of apoptosis was lower among double-positive cells. In general, the thymus appears more sensitive to the effects of malnutrition and dexamethasone than the spleen. Furthermore, double-negative thymocytes appear to be the most affected.Keywords: apoptosis, cell death, lymphoid atrophy, malnourished, spleen, thymus

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“…It stimulates progenitor cells in vitro [69], regulates the maturation of CD4 − CD8 − thymocytes to CD4 + CD8 + T cells through the induction of IL-2 receptor expression [70], and leads to an expansion of B220 + pro-B cells transfected with a rat PR [71]. In healthy women, prolactin levels correlate with circulating B and CD4 + T lymphocyte numbers [72].…”

Section: Impact Of Prolactin On B Lymphopoiesismentioning

confidence: 99%