Role of Poly(butylene fumarate) on Crystallization Behavior of Poly(butylene succinate)

Abstract

The details of poly(butylene fumarate) (PBF) as highly effective nucleating agent for poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) were systematically studied via X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimeter, polarized optical microscopy, and atom force microscopy. All results show that PBF can significantly improve the melt-crystallization temperature and the degree of crystallinity of PBS during the nonisothermal crystallization process. Both crystallization time span and spherulitic size of PBS decrease drastically with the addition of a small amount of PBF, which shows that PBF not only enhances the primary nucleation of PBS by epitaxial mechanism, but also greatly accelerates the secondary nucleation during spherulite growth. The secondary nucleation parameters of PBS, K g and G 0, are notably improved just with a small amount of PBF. Furthermore, the appearance of wrinkles on PBF-nucleated PBS ultrathin film visually suggests that PBF indeed affects the subsequent growth behavior, besides the primary nucleation.

Correlating the morphology of poly(L-lactide)/poly(butylene succinate)/graphene oxide blends nanocomposites with their crystallization behavior

“…As such, the proposed preparation method enhances the relatively mild nucleating efficiency of GO to the level of the best known nucleants for poly(butylene succinate), when used at comparable concentration. [60][61][62].…”

Effect of poly(vinylidene fluoride) polymorphic structures on the crystallization behavior of poly(butylene succinate)

“…PBS was synthesized from succinic acid and 1,4‐butanediol through a two‐step reaction of esterification and polycondensation in molten state, Tetra‐ n ‐butyl‐titanate was used as catalyst during the reaction . The product was purified through a dissolution–precipitation way before using.…”

“…PBS was synthesized from succinic acid and 1,4-butanediol through a two-step reaction of esterification and polycondensation in molten state, Tetra-n-butyl-titanate was used as catalyst during the reaction. 34,35 The product was purified through a dissolution-precipitation way before using. Number-average molecular weight (M n ) and polydispersity index (PDI) of purified product are 4.46 3 10 4 g/mol and 1.47, respectively.…”

How to regulate the isothermal growth rate of polymer spherulite without changing its molecular composition?

“…12 Due to the matching of crystal lattice (Figure 2), the copolymer can act as a highly efficient polymeric nucleating agent, which increases the primary and secondary nucleation rate (a portion of PBSF takes part in secondary nucleation) of PBS simultaneously, and the detailed nucleation mechanism was based on epitaxial nucleation. 13 The crystallization half time (t 0.5 ) is a key parameter to evaluate the nucleation ability and characterize the overall crystallization kinetics. 14 As shown in Figure S3, the t 0.5 of PBS reduces from 93 min to 30 min at 102 °C with the introduction of 1 wt% PBSF 60.…”

“…Compared to pure PBF, the smaller melting enthalpy of PBF in the blend sample of PBS+ 4wt% PBF reveals that a portion of PBF joins in the secondary nucleation of PBS instead of the primary nucleation. 13 Therefore, the crucial role of the SN method in this work is to regulate the partition of PBSF between primary nucleation and secondary nucleation in order to control the G of PBS. When we focus on the high temperature range of the G, the increase ratio of P-40 and P-60 gets weaker and even levels off compared to pure PBS (Figure 3(d), 4(b)).…”