Role of PCM addition on stratification behaviour in a thermal storage tank – An experimental study

Kumar, Gautam; Nagarajan, Dillirani; Lakshmanan, Chidambaram; Kumaresan, V.; Ding, Yulong; Velraj, R.

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2016.09.014

Cited by 61 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…As for the TES tanks with sensible packing, the previous conclusions can be relatively consistent. The increasing thermocline thickness and decreasing charging/discharging efficiencies have been observed as setting a larger ∆T [15,48,52,58,59], since the laminar pattern and relatively uniform and calm flow distribution can be obtained in the packed-bed region. Actually, the effects of ∆T are opposite for the sensible and latent packed-bed systems [53,59,60].…”

Section: Working Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the Performance Indicators and Influencing Factors for the Thermocline Thermal Energy Storage Systems

et al. 2021

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Thermal energy storage (TES) system plays an essential role in the utilization and exploitation of renewable energy sources. Over the last two decades, single-tank thermocline technology has received much attention due to its high cost-effectiveness compared to the conventional two-tank storage systems. The present paper focuses on clarifying the performance indicators and the effects of different influencing factors for the thermocline TES systems. We collect the various performance indicators used in the existing literature, and classify them into three categories: (1) ones directly reflecting the quantity or quality of the stored thermal energy; (2) ones describing the thermal stratification level of the hot and cold regions; (3) ones characterizing the thermo-hydrodynamic features within the thermocline tanks. The detailed analyses on these three categories of indicators are conducted. Moreover, the relevant influencing factors, including injecting flow rate of heat transfer fluid, working temperature, flow distributor, and inlet/outlet location, are discussed systematically. The comprehensive summary, detailed analyses and comparison provided by this work will be an important reference for the future study of thermocline TES systems.

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Section: Working Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the Performance Indicators and Influencing Factors for the Thermocline Thermal Energy Storage Systems

et al. 2021

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“…TES technology modification was investigated by many researchers, where some investigate the stratification of the sensible TES by adding a phase change material capsulate to the tank [15], while others studied the impact of the TES location on the overall performance of the system [16]. Peak load shaving is also investigated to capture the cost saving when using time of use tariff [17].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chilled Water Storage Feasibility with District Cooling Chiller in Tropical Environment

Quabeh¹,

Saab²,

Ali³

2020

J. sustain. dev. energy water environ. syst.

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The difficulties of efficiently operating a chiller cooling system are manifest in the high-energy consumption under partial-cooling loads. The performance of a chiller cooling system declines when operating away from the optimal design conditions, which is typically 75% of chiller capacity. One pathway has been found to overcome this problem using multiple smaller chillers within the same chiller plant, accompanied by a smart control system that is designed and constructed based on the cooling demand profile. Thermal energy storage integration with chiller cooling system is proposed to shave the cooling peak demand. This can be achieved by storing chilled water during the lower electricity-tariff period by the thermal energy storage system, which will then be discharged during the higher tariff-rate, thus, aiming for sustainable operating cost. The present paper studies the feasibility of sensible thermal energy storage to be integrated with two chillers, of 30-ton capacity each, under hot-and-humid climates. A computational model validated with experimental results is developed for three chiller cooling system case scenarios. The smart control scenario, as well as the thermal energy storage scenario results, showed great potential for energy and electricity cost saving. In addition, the carbon dioxide emissions reduction is calculated based on the amount of energy saving.

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“…Padovan and Marzan [11] reported that optimization is very important; thus, they proposed a generic algorithm optimization to evaluate sensitivity of the parameters, such as tank geometry and PCM melting temperatures. Kumar et al [12] prepared an experiment to test the effect of water flow rate and inlet temperature of the heat transfer fluid into the water tank with PCM. They concluded that the addition of PCM capsules can increase the stratification level of the water tank which is a useful parameter for heat storage applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simulation study on performance improvement of solar assisted heat pump hot water system by novel controllable crystallization of supercooled PCMs

et al. 2020

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Domestic hot water (DHW) has a significant share in building's energy consumption. In order to reduce this consumption, various solutions have been proposed such as controlling the system in an efficient way, using renewable sources and using phase change materials (PCM) in the system to increase heat capacity. However, this study is not only offering heat capacity improvement of the DHW storage unit but also proposing that energy efficiency can be improved by controlling the heat releasing time of the PCM. In this study, supercooled PCM tubes are placed in a water tank and charged with a solar assisted heat pump unit, these supercooled PCM tubes can then be discharged anytime when the hot water is required. In this paper, a transient thermodynamic model is built for the whole system including solar collector, heat pump, water tank with PCM and DHW demand profile. System components are modelled and a 24 hours of demand profile is used in simulation for a UK home for summer and spring weather conditions. The results show that the PCM tubes effectively compensate the morning peak hot water demand and reduce daily energy consumption around 12.1% and 13.5% by shifting heating provision from immersion heater to solar heat pump.

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Role of PCM addition on stratification behaviour in a thermal storage tank – An experimental study

Cited by 61 publications

References 35 publications

A Review on the Performance Indicators and Influencing Factors for the Thermocline Thermal Energy Storage Systems

A Review on the Performance Indicators and Influencing Factors for the Thermocline Thermal Energy Storage Systems

Chilled Water Storage Feasibility with District Cooling Chiller in Tropical Environment

A simulation study on performance improvement of solar assisted heat pump hot water system by novel controllable crystallization of supercooled PCMs

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