Role of oxygen‐vacancy in piezoelectric properties and fatigue behavior of (Bi_0.5Na_0.5)_0.93Ba_0.07Ti_1+xO₃ ceramics

Abstract

In this reported study, (Bi0.5Na0.5)0.93Ba0.07Ti1+xO3 (abbreviated as BNBT1+x) ceramics, containing Ti‐nonstoichiometry that ranged from a 2% deficiency to a 1% excess, were designed and systematically characterized. The results of the X‐ray diffraction Rietveld refinement and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis of these materials revealed that the amount of Ti in the BNBT1+x ceramics significantly affected the degree of coexistent rhombohedral/tetragonal phases and also affected the content of singly/doubly charged oxygen‐vacancy (VO·/VO··) in the ceramics. After poling and 105 fatigue cycles, the variation in Raman resonance line‐width of the Ti–O bond in the BNBT1+x ceramics was found to be strongly dependent on the amount of Ti in the ceramic. The TiTi4+(3+)′-VO·→TiTi4+false(3+false)′-VO·· transformation and clustering of the TiTi4+false(3+false)′-VO·· defects under electrical loading were considered to be a critical factor in electric field‐induced structural transition and fatigue properties of the material.

Effect of texture on ultra‐high strain behavior in eco‐friendly NBT‐0.25ST ceramics using NBT template

“…The fatigue behavior of ceramics is very important for device applications. Defect formation with dopant contribution and texture orientation are effective solutions for regulating the fatigue behavior of ceramics 45,46 . Leng et al.…”

“…Defect formation with dopant contribution and texture orientation are effective solutions for regulating the fatigue behavior of ceramics. 45,46 Leng et al 46 determined that the textured 2 mol% MnO 2 and 0.25 wt% CuO-doped 0.24PIN−0.42PMN−0.34PT system had a higher fatigue resistance behavior compared with the counterpart doped random sample.…”