Role of natural products for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease

Noori, Tayebeh; Dehpour, Ahmad Reza; Sureda, Antoni; Sobarzo‐Sánchez, Eduardo; Shirooie, Samira

doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.173974

Cited by 87 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 214 publications

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“…However, synthetic molecules are used as the supply for clinical trials. In preclinical studies, bryostatin-1 was found to improve memory and learning for prolonged periods, produce neuroprotective effects in transgenic mice with AD, inhibit phosphorylation of the tau protein by inhibiting the enzyme GSK3beta, prevent neuronal apoptosis, decrease amyloid-beta levels in the Tg 2576 mouse with AD, recover neurotrophic activity and loss of synapses, and improve synaptogenesis, recovering cognitive deficits [ 119 , 120 , 183 , 194 , 195 ].…”

Section: Remarks and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploitation of Marine Molecules to Manage Alzheimer’s Disease

2021

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Neurodegenerative diseases are sociosanitary challenges of today, as a result of increased average life expectancy, with Alzheimer’s disease being one of the most prevalent. This pathology is characterized by brain impairment linked to a neurodegenerative process culminating in cognitive decline and behavioral disorders. Though the etiology of this pathology is still unknown, it is usually associated with the appearance of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. The most used prophylaxis relies on anticholinesterase drugs and NMDA receptor antagonists, whose main action is to relieve symptoms and not to treat or prevent the disease. Currently, the scientific community is gathering efforts to disclose new natural compounds effective against Alzheimer’s disease and other neurodegenerative pathologies. Marine natural products have been shown to be promising candidates, and some have been proven to exert a high neuroprotection effect, constituting a large reservoir of potential drugs and nutraceutical agents. The present article attempts to describe the processes of extraction and isolation of bioactive compounds derived from sponges, algae, marine bacteria, invertebrates, crustaceans, and tunicates as drug candidates against AD, with a focus on the success of pharmacological activity in the process of finding new and effective drug compounds.

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Section: Remarks and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploitation of Marine Molecules to Manage Alzheimer’s Disease

2021

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“…Compounds used for the treatment and prophylaxis of AD symptoms are mainly flavonoids and alkaloids. Galantamine, huperzine A, and curcumin are only a few of the natural compounds that have been documented and summarized as AChE inhibitors and memory-supporting elements [ 13 ]. Resveratrol, quercetin, and berberine are also considered to be protective contributors [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GC-MS Metabolic Profile and α-Glucosidase-, α-Amylase-, Lipase-, and Acetylcholinesterase-Inhibitory Activities of Eight Peach Varieties

et al. 2021

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The inhibition of certain digestive enzymes by target food matrices represents a new approach in the treatment of socially significant diseases. Proving the ability of fruits to inhibit such enzymes can support the inclusion of specific varieties in the daily diets of patients with diabetes, obesity, Alzheimer’s disease, etc., providing them with much more than just valuable micro- and macromolecules. The current study aimed atidentifying and comparing the GC-MS metabolic profiles of eight peach varieties (“Filina”, “Ufo 4, “Gergana”, “Laskava”, “July Lady”, “Flat Queen”, “Evmolpiya”, and “Morsiani 90”) grown in Bulgaria (local and introduced) and to evaluate the inhibitory potential of their extracts towards α-glucosidase, α-amylase, lipase, and acetylcholinesterase. In order to confirm samples’ differences or similarities, principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) were also applied to the identified metabolites. The results provide important insights into the metabolomic profiles of the eight peach varieties and represent a first attempt to characterize the peels of the peach varieties with respect to α-glucosidase-, α-amylase-, lipase-, and acetylcholinesterase-inhibitory activities. All of the studied peach extracts displayed inhibitory activity towards α-glucosidase (IC50: 125–757 mg/mL) and acetylcholinesterase (IC50: 60–739 mg/mL), but none of them affected α-amylase activity. Five of the eight varieties showed inhibitory activity towards porcine pancreatic lipase (IC50: 24–167 mg/mL). The obtained results validate the usefulness of peaches and nectarines as valuable sources of natural agents beneficial for human health, although further detailed investigation should be performed in order to thoroughly identify the enzyme inhibitors responsible for each activity.

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“…The DESI-MS image showed that the L-glutamine ( m / z = 145.06) levels in the hypothalamus and cerebellum (Cb) of the BChE KO mice were higher than that of the wild-type mice ( Figure 9 B,D; WT vs. homozygote, p = 0.0147; WT vs. heterozgote, p = 0.3721). The DESI-MS image also showed that the N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid ( m / z = 174.04) levels in the hippocampus (Hip), hypothalamus [ 39 ], cerebral cortex (CX), and cerebellum (Cb) of the BChE KO mice were higher than that of the wild-type mice ( Figure 9 C,E; WT vs. homozygote, p = 0.0047; WT vs. heterozgote, p = 0.0454). Our data suggested that BChE enzyme activity inhibition increased glutamine and N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid content in the mouse brain.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ionization of substances in negative ion mode generally exists in the form of [M−H] − or [M+CI] − . L-glutamine and N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid play important roles in brain metabolism and function [39]. The DESI-MS image showed that the L-glutamine (m/z = 145.06) levels in the hypothalamus and cerebellum (Cb) of the BChE KO mice were higher than that of the wild-type mice (Figure 9B,D; WT vs. homozygote, p = 0.0147; WT vs. heterozgote, p = 0.3721).…”

Section: Inhibited Bche Enzyme Activity Increased Glutamine and N-acetyl-l-aspartic Acid Content In Mouse Brainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of Fear Extinction Memory and Resistance to Age-Related Cognitive Decline in Butyrylcholinesterase Knockout Mice and (R)-Bambuterol Treated Mice

Liu

Cao

Yang

et al. 2021

Biology

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Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is detected in plaques preferentially in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and may be associated with stress disorders. However, the physiological function of BChE in the central nervous system remains to be further investigated. BChE knockout (KO) mice and wild-type (WT) mice with orally or intranasal administration of (R)-bambuterol were used to explore the effect of BChE on behavior changes. (R)-bambuterol is a specific and reversible inhibitor of BChE. The behavior changes were evaluated and compared among 3–10 month old mice. Our finding showed that BChE KO and (R)-bambuterol administration enhanced episodic memory, including fear conditioning memory and fear extinction memory in fear conditioning and fear extinction test. BChE KO and (R)-bambuterol administered mice rescued age-related spatial memory and general activity in the water maze test and open field test. The brain metabolomics were imaged using a desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging (DESI-MSI). The image of DESI-MS demonstrated that glutamine content increased in the brain of BChE KO mice. In conclusion, this study found that inhibition of BChE ameliorated episodic and spatial memories. This study also suggested that (R)-bambuterol as a BChE inhibitor has the potential application in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and early cognitive decline.

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Role of natural products for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease

Cited by 87 publications

References 214 publications

Exploitation of Marine Molecules to Manage Alzheimer’s Disease

Exploitation of Marine Molecules to Manage Alzheimer’s Disease

GC-MS Metabolic Profile and α-Glucosidase-, α-Amylase-, Lipase-, and Acetylcholinesterase-Inhibitory Activities of Eight Peach Varieties

Enhancement of Fear Extinction Memory and Resistance to Age-Related Cognitive Decline in Butyrylcholinesterase Knockout Mice and (R)-Bambuterol Treated Mice

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