Role of mitochondrial enzymes and sarcoplasmic ATPase in cardioprotection mediated by aqueous extract of Desmodium gangeticum (L) DC root on ischemic reperfusion injury

Kurian, Gino A.; Paddikkala, Jose

doi:10.4103/0250-474x.84585

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Arsenic significantly elevated Creatine Kinase (CK) [ 62 ] and Creatine Phosphokinase (CPK) [ 68 ], which indicate stress to the heart, and elevated Creatine Kinase from muscle and brain (CK-MB) [ 70 ], as well as levels of serum troponin [ 54 ], which are cardiac markers used to diagnose acute myocardial infarction. Arsenic increased inflammation, measured with C-reactive protein (CRP) [ 63 ], and increased the activities of cardiac enzymes lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) [ 55 , 70 ], aminotransferase (AST) [ 56 ], alkaline phosphatase (ALP) [ 56 , 70 ], and aspartate aminotransferase (ALT) [ 56 , 70 ], all of which indicate necrotic damage to the heart [ 75 ]. Furthermore, arsenic caused notable changes in cardiac structures including cytoplasmic vacuolization, myofibrillar loss, and cardiomyocyte necrosis [ 72 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidants Protect against Arsenic Induced Mitochondrial Cardio-Toxicity

Pace

Dagda

Angermann

2017

Toxics

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Arsenic is a potent cardiovascular toxicant associated with numerous biomarkers of cardiovascular diseases in exposed human populations. Arsenic is also a carcinogen, yet arsenic trioxide is used as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of acute promyelotic leukemia (APL). The therapeutic use of arsenic is limited due to its severe cardiovascular side effects. Many of the toxic effects of arsenic are mediated by mitochondrial dysfunction and related to arsenic’s effect on oxidative stress. Therefore, we investigated the effectiveness of antioxidants against arsenic induced cardiovascular dysfunction. A growing body of evidence suggests that antioxidant phytonutrients may ameliorate the toxic effects of arsenic on mitochondria by scavenging free radicals. This review identifies 21 antioxidants that can effectively reverse mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in cardiovascular cells and tissues. In addition, we propose that antioxidants have the potential to improve the cardiovascular health of millions of people chronically exposed to elevated arsenic concentrations through contaminated water supplies or used to treat certain types of leukemias. Importantly, we identify conceptual gaps in research and development of new mito-protective antioxidants and suggest avenues for future research to improve bioavailability of antioxidants and distribution to target tissues in order reduce arsenic-induced cardiovascular toxicity in a real-world context.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidants Protect against Arsenic Induced Mitochondrial Cardio-Toxicity

Pace

Dagda

Angermann

2017

Toxics

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“…The study revealed aqueous root extract improved cardiac function after ischemia reperfusion injury by mitochondrial and sarcoplasmic ATPase preservation in the myocardium. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and atomic absorption study of Shalaparni root extract the showed presence of bio-constituents that can activate the release of calcium in cardiac tissue (50).…”

Section: Cardiotonic Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnomedical uses, Phytochemistry, Pharmacological and therapeutic properties of Desmodium gangeticum (L.) DC.: A Scoping Review

et al. 2022

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A surge in laboratory research into the pharmacological properties of bioactive compounds, as well as their potential to cure a wide range of ailments, has resulted in an influx of new herbal medications and extracts onto the international market in recent years. D. gangaticum (L.) (DG), one of the essential herbs of Indian traditional system of medicines is part of many essential formulations viz. "Dashamoola" and is used to treat various diseases. It is a perennial herb, locally known as "Shalparni" (Hindi) in India and also reported in many other tropical countries. This review presents the traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and clinical effectiveness of D. gangaticum Literature was systematically searched through various databases, journals and gray literature through electronic and manual search. Collected data was further critically reviewed and summarized in this paper. It contains many bio-active phytochemicals viz. gangeticoside, leonuriside A, tortoside A, dehydrosoyasaponin, gangetin, gangetinin, desmocarpin, desmodin etc. among them, some have drug likeliness properties. Critical literature analysis revealed that it possessed many pharmacological activities viz. anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, anti- oxidant, cardioprotective, antidiabetic and hepatoprotective anti- bacterial, and anti-amnesic activities. Despite a large number of traditional therapeutic uses, D. gangaticum was evaluated for limited therapeutic efficacy through clinical trials and evidence suggested it may have therapeutic benefits on bronchitis, gout, hypertension. The biochemical and physiological mechanisms involved in the different biological effects exhibited by it need to be investigated. The herb should be investigated further, focusing on pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic and safety profiles. Well-designed Randomized Controlled trials (RCTs) should be conducted to support its therapeutic use.

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“…The total antioxidant capacity of the extract was found to be 149.91 % as compared to standard ascorbic acid 87.8 %. The extract also inhibited the ferrylbipyridyl (chromogen) formation in a dose dependent fashion (IC 50 0.115 mg/ml) 33 .…”

Section: Phytochemistrymentioning

confidence: 91%