Role of MicroRNAs in the Development and Progression of the Four Medulloblastoma Subgroups

Bevacqua, Emilia; Farshchi, Jasmin; Niklison-Chirou, Maria Victoria; Tucci, Paola

doi:10.3390/cancers13246323

Cited by 7 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 127 publications

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“…microRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNA playing crucial roles in occurrence and development of human diseases including cancer. Approximately 50% of annotated miRNAs were located at fragile sites related to cancer (Bevacqua et al, 2021). Aberrant expression of miRNAs has been frequently reported in various types of tumors (Rao et al, 2012;Su et al, 2012;Mulrane et al, 2013;Yoshino et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A circulating miR-19b-based model in diagnosis of human breast cancer

Zhao

Shen

et al. 2022

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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Objective: Breast cancer (BC) is becoming the leading cause of cancer-related death in women all over the word. Identification of diagnostic biomarkers for early detection of BC is one of the most effective ways to reduce the mortality.Methods: Plasma samples from BC patients (n = 120) and normal controls (n = 50) were collected to determine the differentially expressed circulating miRNAs in BC patients. Binary logistic regression was applied to develop miRNA diagnostic models. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were applied to calculate the area under the curve (AUC). MMTV-PYMT mammary tumor mice were used to validate the expression change of those circulating miRNAs. Plasma samples from patients with other tumor types were collected to determine the specificity of the model in diagnosis of BC.Results: In the screening phase, 5 circulating miRNAs (miR-16, miR-17, miR-19b, miR-27a, and miR-106a) were identified as the most significantly upregulated miRNAs in plasma of BC patients. In consistence, the 5 miRNAs showed upregulation in the circulation of additional 80 BC patients in a tumor stagedependent manner. Application of a tumor-burden mice model further confirmed upregulation of the 5 miRNAs in circulation. Based on these data, five models with diagnostic potential of BC were developed. Among the 5 miRNAs, miR-19b ranked at the top position with the highest specificity and the biggest contribution. In combination with miR-16 and miR-106a, a miR-19b-based 3-circulating miRNA model was selected as the best for further validation. Taken the samples together, the model showed 92% of sensitivity and 90% of specificity in diagnosis of BC. In addition, three other tumor types including prostate cancer, thyroid cancer and colorectal cancer further verified the specificity of the BC diagnostic model. Conclusion:The current study developed a miR-19b-based 3-miRNA model holding potential for diagnosis of BC using blood samples.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A circulating miR-19b-based model in diagnosis of human breast cancer

Zhao

Shen

et al. 2022

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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“…Similar to several types of paediatric brain cancers, miRNAs are involved in the regulation of different cellular and physiological processes in medulloblastoma including CNS development related processes. Over 60% of the reported miRNAs are detected in the adults' brain and their expression changes as the brain goes through maturation and develops from embryonic to adult stages [82]. They are involved in the regulation of the post translational process that controls the neural development and morphology.…”

Section: Mirnas In Medulloblastomas 61 Micrornas As Potential Biomark...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are involved in the regulation of the post translational process that controls the neural development and morphology. Thus, they play a pivotal role in cellular events related to promoting or supressing tumour growth and proliferation either as oncogenes or tumour suppressors [82].…”

Section: Mirnas In Medulloblastomas 61 Micrornas As Potential Biomark...mentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNA Biomarkers in Primary Brain Malignancies

Mustafov¹,

Seriah²,

Malik³

et al. 2023

Epigenetics - Regulation and New Perspectives

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Despite the concerted efforts within the management of brain malignancies over the past few decades, primary brain cancers remain an obscure challenge with unfavourable outcomes for the patients. Glioblastomas (GBM) and medulloblastomas afford the most prevalent brain tumours and account for markedly high mortality rates within affected patients. The unmet clinical requirements for an early diagnostic biomarker and effective treatment have shed light onto microRNAs (miRNAs). These are small, endogenous noncoding RNAs involved in a wide spectrum of biological processes, such as post-translational modification, tumorigenesis, angiogenesis, invasiveness, and apoptosis. Increased expression of miR-21 has been shown to have devastating effects upon patients with brain tumours, and it could be used as a diagnostic biomarker and an early relapse indicator. miRNAs such as miR-128a, miR-34a, miR-7 and miR-1253 have demonstrated tumour suppressive properties and could serve as putative therapeutic agents. MiRNA signatures, such as miR-21 and miR-10b could be incorporated as potential prognostic indicators for advanced and metastatic brain malignancies, whereas miR-221/222 cluster has a therapeutic potential to sensitise cancerous cells towards radiotherapy. Herein, we summarised current knowledge on how miRNAs with significant role in glioblastomas and medulloblastomas specifically can be effectively used as promising brain cancer diagnostics, prognostics, and therapeutics.

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“…In case of medulloblastoma, the most common malignant brain tumor in children, studies have mostly concentrated on the clinical entity of the single disease rather than in the four molecular subgroups [ 5 ]. Each subgroup has a different cell of origin, prognosis, and may require specific therapeutic strategies.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Each subgroup has a different cell of origin, prognosis, and may require specific therapeutic strategies. The review by Bevacqua et al [ 5 ] summarizes the role of miRs in the four medulloblastoma subgroups, their potential as biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis, highlighting the potential of these miRs in providing new opportunities to treat the different clinical and biological features between subgroups.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%