Role of Maritime Continent Convection during the Preconditioning Stage of the Madden-Julian Oscillation Observed in CINDY2011/DYNAMO

Kubota, Hisayuki; Yoneyama, Kunio; Hamada, Junji; Wu, Pei-Ming; Sudaryanto, Agus; Wahyono, Ikhsan Budi

doi:10.2151/jmsj.2015-050

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Upper tropospheric moisture increases as large-scale subsidence is reduced in association with eastward circumnavigating dry planetary perturbations (Powell & Houze, 2015). Moisture variability can also be instigated by mixed Rossby-gravity waves (Muraleedharan et al, 2015) that may origin from the MC (Kubota et al, 2015) and Kelvin waves (DePasquale et al, 2014).…”

Section: Recent Results From In Situ Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fifty Years of Research on the Madden‐Julian Oscillation: Recent Progress, Challenges, and Perspectives

et al. 2020

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Since its discovery in the early 1970s, the crucial role of the Madden‐Julian Oscillation (MJO) in the global hydrological cycle and its tremendous influence on high‐impact climate and weather extremes have been well recognized. The MJO also serves as a primary source of predictability for global Earth system variability on subseasonal time scales. The MJO remains poorly represented in our state‐of‐the‐art climate and weather forecasting models, however. Moreover, despite the advances made in recent decades, theories for the MJO still disagree at a fundamental level. The problems of understanding and modeling the MJO have attracted significant interest from the research community. As a part of the AGU's Centennial collection, this article provides a review of recent progress, particularly over the last decade, in observational, modeling, and theoretical study of the MJO. A brief outlook for near‐future MJO research directions is also provided.

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Section: Recent Results From In Situ Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fifty Years of Research on the Madden‐Julian Oscillation: Recent Progress, Challenges, and Perspectives

et al. 2020

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“…The high-frequency variability in this study included any disturbances with periods shorter than approximately two weeks, such as convectively coupled equatorial waves (CCEWs), although they were not specified here. The role of CCEWs in the MJO in the statistical sense is still arguable (Kiladis et al 2009;Dias et al 2013), but some of the CINDY2011/DYNAMO studies suggested possible roles of CCEWs in the MJO initiation and development (Kubota et al 2015;Nasuno et al 2015;Kikuchi et al 2017b). Further investigations using multiple field data with increased density, together with high-resolution simulation data, are also intended in forthcoming studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Evaluation of the Near Real-Time Forecasts Using a Global Nonhydrostatic Model during the CINDY2011/DYNAMO

Nasuno

Kikuchi

Nakano

et al. 2017

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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By comparison with satellite and field observations, the comprehensive performance and potential utility of near real-time forecasts using Nonhydrostatic Icosahedral Atmospheric Model (NICAM) are demonstrated by exploiting the Cooperative Indian Ocean Experiment on Intraseasonal Variability in the Year 2011 (CINDY2011) / Dynamics of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (DYNAMO) campaign. A week-long forecast was run each day using a regionally stretched version of NICAM, with the finest mesh size of 14 km over the tropical Indian Ocean (IO), throughout the intensive observation period (IOP).The simulated precipitation time series fairly represented the evolution and propagation of the observed Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) events, although a 30 % overprediction of precipitation over the IO domain (60 -90°E, 10°S -10°N) was found on average. Frequencies of strong (> 40 mm day −1 ) precipitation were overpredicted, while those of weak precipitation were underpredicted against satellite observations. Compared with the field observations at Gan Island, the biases in precipitation frequency were less obvious, whereas the growth of lower to middle tropospheric dry (~ 1 g kg −1) and warm (~ 1 K) biases were found. Despite these mean biases, temporal variations of the moisture and zonal wind profiles including the MJO events were reasonably simulated.Using the forecast data the moisture and energy budgets during the IOP were investigated. The diagnosis using the 7-day-mean fields captured the observed features of the MJO events. Meanwhile, significant upward transport of moisture by the grid-resolved high-frequency variability was detected throughout the IOP. The relationship between these high-frequency effects and the simulated MJO or mean biases is also discussed.

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“…In particular, HARIMAU2006, 2007 and 2011 were in the westernmost area of the IMC (Propinsi Sumatera Barat or West Sumatra Province), targeting the MJOs from the Indian Ocean and their modification (Yoneyama et al 2008(Yoneyama et al , 2013Kamimera et al 2012;Kubota et al 2015, with the MISMO and CINDY projects), the diurnal cycles of the major and smaller islands Kamimera et al 2012), and convective cloud structure and vertical coupling (Fukao 2006;Mori et al 2011;Kawashima et al 2006Kawashima et al , 2011Sakurai et al 2009Sakurai et al , 2011, with the Coupling Processes in the Equatorial Atmosphere (CPEA) project). HARI-MAU2008 and 2009 were performed over Kalimantan Island ).…”

Section: Jepp−harimau and Satreps−mccoe Projectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maritime continent coastlines controlling Earth’s climate

Yamanaka

Ogino

et al. 2018

Prog Earth Planet Sci

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During the Monsoon Asian Hydro−Atmosphere Scientific Research and Prediction Initiative (MAHASRI; 2006-16), we carried out two projects over the Indonesian maritime continent (IMC), constructing the Hydrometeorological Array for Intraseasonal Variation−Monsoon Automonitoring (HARIMAU; 2005-10) radar network and setting up a prototype institute for climate studies, the Maritime Continent Center of Excellence (MCCOE; 2009-14). Here, we review the climatological features of the world's largest "regional" rainfall over the IMC studied in these projects. The fundamental mode of atmospheric variability over the IMC is the diurnal cycle generated along coastlines by land−sea temperature contrast: afternoon land becomes hotter than sea by clear-sky insolation before noon, with the opposite contrast before sunrise caused by evening rainfall-induced "sprinkler"-like land cooling (different from the extratropical infrared cooling on clear nights). Thus, unlike the extratropics, the diurnal cycle over the IMC is more important in the rainy season. The intraseasonal, seasonal to annual, and interannual climate variabilities appear as amplitude modulations of the diurnal cycle. For example, in Jawa and Bali the rainy season is the southern hemispheric summer, because land heating in the clear morning and water vapor transport by afternoon sea breeze is strongest in the season of maximum insolation. During El Niño, cooler sea water surrounding the IMC makes morning maritime convection and rainfall weaker than normal. Because the diurnal cycle is almost the only mechanism generating convective clouds systematically near the equator with little cyclone activity, the local annual rainfall amount in the tropics is a steeply decreasing function of coastal distance (e-folding scale 100-300 km), and regional annual rainfall is an increasing function of "coastline density" (coastal length/land area) measured at a horizontal resolution of 100 km. The coastline density effect explains why rainfall and latent heating over the IMC are twice the global mean for an area that makes up only 4% of the Earth's surface. The diurnal cycles appearing almost synchronously over the whole IMC generate teleconnections between the IMC convection and the global climate. Thus, high-resolution (<< 100 km; << 1 day) observations and models over the IMC are essential to improve both local disaster prevention and global climate prediction.

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Role of Maritime Continent Convection during the Preconditioning Stage of the Madden-Julian Oscillation Observed in CINDY2011/DYNAMO

Cited by 9 publications

References 41 publications

Fifty Years of Research on the Madden‐Julian Oscillation: Recent Progress, Challenges, and Perspectives

Fifty Years of Research on the Madden‐Julian Oscillation: Recent Progress, Challenges, and Perspectives

Evaluation of the Near Real-Time Forecasts Using a Global Nonhydrostatic Model during the CINDY2011/DYNAMO

Maritime continent coastlines controlling Earth’s climate

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