Role of interleukin-4 in pathogenesis of oral lichen planus: A systematic review

Abstract

Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a premalignant mucocutaneous disease that affects 1-2% of the adult population. Immunological factor may act as etiological factor. The cellular immune cells such as T cells are important in pathogenesis of OLP. Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is secreted by T-helper 2 (Th2). Several studies have been carried out on the role of IL-4 in OLP. The aim of this study was to review the level of IL-4 in OLP, effective factors in the production of IL-4 and its role in the development of OLP. Material and Methods: A search in PubMed was performed on the literature published from 2000 until august 2019 using the following keywords: "oral lichen planus" or "OLP" and "interleukin-4" or "IL-4". Results: Originally, 37 articles were considered, of which 28 case-control articles were selected according to the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Conclusions: This review study shows that IL-4 plays a key role in the development of OLP. According to the past studies, there are several factors contributing to the production of this cytokine. Identification of the routes of production of IL-4 and its role in OLP might be useful for development of new preventive and therapeutic methods in management of patients with OLP.

Oral lichen planus and its recent management: A review

“…While various studies have shown that OLP is a widely recognized chronic inflammatory autoimmune responsedriven disorder, the precise pathogenesis remains unknown 1,5,6,[15][16][17][18] . Some researchers found that emotional stress, infection and hypersensitivity contribute to OLP onset 1,6,19 .…”

Hallmarks of Cancer Applied to Oral and Oropharyngeal Carcinogenesis: A Scoping Review of the Evidence Gaps Found in Published Systematic Reviews

“…After duplicate elimination, 3924 records were considered potentially eligible and screened according to titles and abstracts, leaving a sample of 92 studies for full text evaluation. Finally, 85 studies meeting all eligibility criteria were included for critical analysis and evidence synthesis in our scoping review [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , …”

Probiotics as Potential Biological Immunomodulators in the Management of Oral Lichen Planus: What’s New?

“…In a recent review, the authors reported that IL-4, whose production is also promoted by infections, has a key role in OLP development and may be used to develop novel preventive and therapeutic measures [ 39 , 40 ]. IL-4 was found at higher levels in both serum and saliva OLP samples compared to healthy controls, with a bigger difference in the serum [ 40 , 41 ].…”