Role of infection control in combating antibiotic resistance

Whitelaw, Andrew

doi:10.7196/samj.9650

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…29 highlights factors contributing to AMR in Africa-including poorly qualified health-care workers who misuse antimicrobials, poor-resourced laboratories with inability to perform full antimicrobial susceptibility testing and/or produce timely results, insufficient dissemination of AMR to antibiotic prescribers, limited antimicrobial formularies, outdated or inappropriate treatment guidelines for infections, and poor infection control practices. 29,30 High community access to unprescribed antimicrobials probably plays a major role. Probably underrecognized and underappreciated is the contribution of counterfeit or substandard drugs to AMR rates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Five-Year Antimicrobial Susceptibility Trends Among Bacterial Isolates from a Tertiary Health-Care Facility in Kigali, Rwanda

Carroll

Ashok

Musabeyezu

et al. 2016

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global public health threat. There is limited information from Rwanda on AMR trends. This longitudinal study aimed to describe temporal trends of antibiotic susceptibility among common bacteria. We collated the antimicrobial susceptibility results of bacteria cultured from clinical specimens collected from inpatients and outpatients and submitted to the microbiology laboratory at King Faisal Hospital, Kigali, Rwanda, from January 1, 2009, to December 31, 2013. Differences in antimicrobial susceptibility between the first and fifth year of the study for each bacterial species was assessed using χ 2 test. Of 5,296 isolates collected, 46.7% were Escherichia coli, 18.4% were Klebsiella spp., 5.9% were Acinetobacter spp., 7.1% were Pseudomonas spp., 11.7% were Staphylococcus aureus, and 10.3% were Enterococcus spp. Colistin and imipenem had greatest activity against gramnegative bacteria. Acinetobacter spp. showed the greatest resistance profile to antimicrobials tested, relative to other gram-negative bacteria. Vancomycin retained excellent activity against S. aureus and Enterococcus species (average susceptibility was 100% and 99.4%, respectively). Trend analysis determined that resistance to imipenem increased significantly among Klebsiella, E. coli, Pseudomonas, and Acinetobacter isolates; there was also rising resistance to colistin among E. coli and Pseudomonas species. Only E. coli demonstrated increased resistance to gentamicin. For gram-positive pathogens, vancomycin susceptibility increased over time for Enterococcus species, but was unchanged for S. aureus. Our data suggest that resistance to imipenem and colistin are rising among gram-negative bacteria in Rwanda. Proper infection control practices and antimicrobial stewardship will be important to address this emerging threat.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Five-Year Antimicrobial Susceptibility Trends Among Bacterial Isolates from a Tertiary Health-Care Facility in Kigali, Rwanda

Carroll

Ashok

Musabeyezu

et al. 2016

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…19 The traditional surgical classification scheme needs to be replaced with a classification that additionally accounts for patients specific risk factors. 20 The limitations of the current scheme may party explain why current guidelines are so seldom followed in clinical practice. Framing of antibiotics use guidelines are required.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison Between Uses of Antibiotics as Opposed to no Antibiotics in Clean Episiotomy

Akram¹,

Fatima²,

Zafar³

et al. 2019

IJCMSR

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Comparison between uses of antibiotics as opposed to no antibiotics in clean episiotomy. International Journal of Contemporary Medicine Surgery and Radiology. 2019;4(4):D168-D171. 7 women (1.4%) were having discharge/pus coming out of the wound and 5 patients (1.0%) were having gaped wound. Conclusion: Short term antimicrobial prophylaxis regimen does not possess significant role in preventing clean surgical wound infection role working condition in respect to environment, i.e standard of labour suite, operation theater, expertise and aseptic measures should be improved to achieve better results

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“…Various studies have effectively demonstrated that improvement of infection control procedures such as diligent hand hygiene, proper cleaning and disinfection methods and aseptic practices are linked to lower health care associated infection rates as well as reduction in multidrug-resistant organism transmission and acquisition. (25,26) Since this was a retrospective study, analysis of sepsis as early or late onset was not undertaken since these data were not available.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changing Trends in Bacterial Spectrum of Neonatal Sepsis at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital - 2011 to 2015

Prasad¹,

Nataraj²,

Nanavati³

et al. 2016

jemds

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BACKGROUNDThe organisms causing neonatal sepsis and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns are highly diverse and vary geographically, temporally and locally attributed to changing pattern of antimicrobial use. Therefore, a continuous surveillance of sepsis is of utmost importance to ensure early diagnosis and appropriate therapy. This requires an understanding of changing trends in prevalent organisms and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. The aim of the present study was to determine the bacteriological profile and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of organisms causing neonatal sepsis over a period of five years.

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Role of infection control in combating antibiotic resistance

Cited by 12 publications

References 38 publications

Five-Year Antimicrobial Susceptibility Trends Among Bacterial Isolates from a Tertiary Health-Care Facility in Kigali, Rwanda

Five-Year Antimicrobial Susceptibility Trends Among Bacterial Isolates from a Tertiary Health-Care Facility in Kigali, Rwanda

Comparison Between Uses of Antibiotics as Opposed to no Antibiotics in Clean Episiotomy

Changing Trends in Bacterial Spectrum of Neonatal Sepsis at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital - 2011 to 2015

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