Role of<i>Acremonium</i>Endophyte of Fescue on Inhibition of Colonization and Reproduction of Mycorrhizal Fungi

Bin, Guo; Hendrix, James W.; An, Zhiqiang; Ferriss, R. S.

doi:10.1080/00275514.1992.12026220

Cited by 40 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…When both symbionts occurred together, Neotyphodium infection suppressed mycorrhizal colonization, confirming observations in other endophyte-grass associations (Chu-Chou et al 1992;Guo et al 1992;Müller 2003). Contrary to our expectations, endophytes *, P = 0·05; ***, P < 0·001.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…A few experiments have reported that leaf endophytes can reduce mycorrhizal sporulation and colonization of host roots (Chu-Chou et al . 1992;Guo, Hendrix & Ferriss 1992;Müller 2003). Such endophyte-driven changes in the density and behaviour of root-associated organisms can potentially affect their interaction with neighbouring plant roots.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Leaf endophytes affect mycorrhizal status and growth of co‐infected and neighbouring plants

Omacini¹,

Eggers²,

Bonkowski³

et al. 2006

Functional Ecology

134

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Summary 1.Fungal leaf endophytes and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are common constituents of natural grasslands. The simultaneous presence of these two grass plant symbionts is highly probable. 2. We describe the results of a glasshouse experiment investigating the outcome of dual infection of a cool-season grass species, Lolium multiflorum , by the fungal endophyte Neotyphodium occultans and three species of Glomus AM fungi. 3. Mycorrhizal colonization was investigated on monocultures of plants with or without leaf endophytes, and on mixtures of endophyte-infected and uninfected plants. In both scenarios, endophyte-infected plants had lower levels of mycorrhizal colonization, but in the endophyte mixtures the presence of endophyte-infected plants caused an increase in AM colonization in non-endophyte-infected conspecific neighbours. 4. Host-plant biomass, nutrient (nitrogen and phosphorus) accumulation, and competitive ability were increased by the presence of endophytes. AM fungi did not improve host performance or nutrient content (concentration or accumulation) in the presence or absence of the endophyte. 5. Interactions between host plants and AM fungi are mediated by fungal endophyte infection. The implications of such modified interactions for ecosystem dynamics and functioning are considered.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaf endophytes affect mycorrhizal status and growth of co‐infected and neighbouring plants

Omacini¹,

Eggers²,

Bonkowski³

et al. 2006

Functional Ecology

134

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“…It is very interesting to note that in our experiments, mycorrhizal root infection of both E1 and EÀ tall fescue varieties was extremely low and was not altered by elevated CO 2 . Low mycorrhizal colonization of tall fescue roots has been attributed to the toxins produced by the endophyte symbionts (Chu-Chou et al, 1992;Guo et al, 1992;Mü ller, 2003). However, this assumption has not been vigorously tested.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, tall fescue is not readily colonized by mycorrhizae and the cause for low mycorrhizal infection is not exactly known. It was suggested that endophytes compete with mycorrhizae for carbon resources within the host or that endophytes are inhibiting AM colonization through fungitoxic compounds (Chu-Chou et al, 1992;Guo et al, 1992;Matthews & Clay, 2001;Mü ller, 2003). A few recent studies also showed that F. arundinacea is very responsive to elevated CO 2 (Newman et al, 2003), but whether CO 2enhancement of C availability will alter mycorrhizal infection and activities in fescue roots remains unexplored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant nitrogen acquisition and interactions under elevated carbon dioxide: impact of endophytes and mycorrhizae

Chen

Burton

et al. 2007

Global Change Biology

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Both endophytic and mycorrhizal fungi interact with plants to form symbiosis in which the fungal partners rely on, and sometimes compete for, carbon (C) sources from their hosts. Changes in photosynthesis in host plants caused by atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) enrichment may, therefore, influence those mutualistic interactions, potentially modifying plant nutrient acquisition and interactions with other coexisting plant species. However, few studies have so far examined the interactive controls of endophytes and mycorrhizae over plant responses to atmospheric CO 2 enrichment. Using Festuca arundinacea Schreb and Plantago lanceolata L. as model plants, we examined the effects of elevated CO 2 on mycorrhizae and endophyte (Neotyphodium coenophialum) and plant nitrogen (N) acquisition in two microcosm experiments, and determined whether and how mycorrhizae and endophytes mediate interactions between their host plant species. Endophyte-free and endophyte-infected F. arundinacea varieties, P. lanceolata L., and their combination with or without mycorrhizal inocula were grown under ambient (400 lmol mol À1 ) and elevated CO 2 (ambient 1 330 lmol mol À1 ). A 15 N isotope tracer was used to quantify the mycorrhiza-mediated plant acquisition of N from soil. Elevated CO 2 stimulated the growth of P. lanceolata greater than F. arundinacea, increasing the shoot biomass ratio of P. lanceolata to F. arundinacea in all the mixtures. Elevated CO 2 also increased mycorrhizal root colonization of P. lanceolata, but had no impact on that of F. arundinacea. Mycorrhizae increased the shoot biomass ratio of P. lanceolata to F. arundinacea under elevated CO 2 . In the absence of endophytes, both elevated CO 2 and mycorrhizae enhanced 15 N and total N uptake of P. lanceolata but had either no or even negative effects on N acquisition of F. arundinacea, altering N distribution between these two species in the mixture. The presence of endophytes in F. arundinacea, however, reduced the CO 2 effect on N acquisition in P. lanceolata, although it did not affect growth responses of their host plants to elevated CO 2 . These results suggest that mycorrhizal fungi and endophytes might interactively affect the responses of their host plants and their coexisting species to elevated CO 2 .

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“…Neotyphodium spp. endophytes can suppress mycorrhizal fungi colonization of grass roots in tall fescue (Baker, 1987;Chu-Chou et al, 1992;Guo et al, 1992), perennial ryegrass (Müller, 2003) and annual ryegrass (Omacini et al, 2005), suggesting alternative strategies to ensure plant survival under suboptimal environmental conditions. The ecological impact of this antagonistic interaction for E+ grasses is not clear; however, as shown by Vicari et al (2002) mycorrhizae may actually reduce insect resistance in E+ perennial ryegrass plants, thus affecting competitive ability against other plants in mixed-sward grasslands.…”

Section: Soil-root Interface and Soil Microbial Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological importance of Neotyphodium spp. grass endophytes in agroecosystems

2006

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Neotyphodium spp. fungal endophytes form symbiotic associations with agronomic grasses with expression ranging from mutualistic to parasitic. In general, endophyte infection frequencies seem more variable in natural compared to pastoral situations, suggesting that expression and benefits attributable to endophyte infection depend on the resource environment in which the host–endophyte complex was formed and the conditions under which it is being grown. Emerging evidence suggests that expression is not always mutualistic or beneficial to the host in terms of productivity and persistence in resource‐limited environments. Expression of host–endophyte associations will vary depending on resource availability and environmental conditions that influence host physiology and growth, and herbivore behavior. New research suggest alkaloids and secondary metabolites produced by host–endophyte associations can have physiological functions in addition to acting as herbivore deterrents. Novel host–endophyte associations are being created that maintain insect and disease resistance, while having minimal detrimental impact on mammalian herbivores. The influence of host–endophyte associations on sward composition and soil food webs is only now coming to light. While novel endophyte associations and their attendant mechanisms can be considered beneficial in some respect, the associations may not be as adaptable to stressful or marginal resource environments and could have long‐term ecological impacts measured in terms of persistence and total productivity of the sward. We review the extensive published work on host–endophyte interactions and illustrate the complexity of host–endophyte associations and their interactions with environment, and the range of responses that occur.

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Role ofAcremoniumEndophyte of Fescue on Inhibition of Colonization and Reproduction of Mycorrhizal Fungi

Cited by 40 publications

References 20 publications

Leaf endophytes affect mycorrhizal status and growth of co‐infected and neighbouring plants

Leaf endophytes affect mycorrhizal status and growth of co‐infected and neighbouring plants

Plant nitrogen acquisition and interactions under elevated carbon dioxide: impact of endophytes and mycorrhizae

Ecological importance of Neotyphodium spp. grass endophytes in agroecosystems

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