Role of Hyaluronidases in the Catabolism of Chondroitin Sulfate

Yamada, Shuhei

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-11280-0_12

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…HYAL family proteins degrade not only HA but also chondroitin sulfate (CS) and dermatan sulfate (DS) (21). For example, HYAL1 exhibits robust chondroitinase activity (22), and HYAL4 appears to act physiologically as a chondroitinase (21).…”

Section: Hyal Family Moleculesmentioning

confidence: 99%

TMEM2: A missing link in hyaluronan catabolism identified?

et al. 2019

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Hyaluronan (HA) is a glycosaminoglycan (GAG) composed of repeating disaccharide units of glucuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine. HA is an extremely long, unbranched polymer, which often exceeds 10 Da and sometimes reaches 10 Da. A feature that epitomizes HA is its rapid turnover; one-third of the total body HA is turned over daily. The current model of HA catabolism postulates that high-molecular weight HA in the extracellular space is first cleaved into smaller fragments by a hyaluronidase(s) that resides at the cell surface, followed by internalization of fragments and their degradation into monosaccharides in lysosomes. Over the last decade, considerable research has shown that the HYAL family of hyaluronidases plays significant roles in HA catabolism. Nonetheless, the identity of a hyaluronidase responsible for the initial step of HA cleavage on the cell surface remains elusive, as biochemical and enzymological properties of HYAL proteins are not entirely consistent with those expected of cell surface hyaluronidases. Recent identification of transmembrane 2 (TMEM2) as a cell surface protein that possesses potent hyaluronidase activity suggests that it may be the "missing" cell surface hyaluronidase, and that novel models of HA catabolism should include this protein.

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Section: Hyal Family Moleculesmentioning

confidence: 99%

TMEM2: A missing link in hyaluronan catabolism identified?

et al. 2019

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“…SPAM1 exhibits dual pH optima at acidic and neutral ranges ( 22 ). HYAL family proteins degrade not only HA but also chondroitin sulfate and dermatan sulfate ( 9 , 23 ). HYBID and TMEM2 constitute a family of proteins independent of the HYAL family.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The cell surface hyaluronidase TMEM2 is essential for systemic hyaluronan catabolism and turnover

Tobisawa

Fujita

Yamamoto

et al. 2021

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

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“…The sperm-specific enzyme PH-20 shows much higher activity against Chn than CSA and HA at pH 4.5, whereas prefers HA and CS to Chn at pH 4.0 (Honda et al, 2012). In contrast, plasma hyaluronidase HYAL1 prefers to degrade CS-A than HA at pH 4.5 but prefers HA than CS-A at pH 3.5 (Csoka et al, 2001;Honda et al, 2012;Yamada, 2015). Furthermore, C units in CS-C negatively affect the hyaluronidase activity of PH-20.…”

Section: Hydrolasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research and Application of Chondroitin Sulfate/Dermatan Sulfate-Degrading Enzymes

Wang

Shi

Qin

et al. 2020

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Chondroitin sulfate (CS) and dermatan sulfate (DS) are widely distributed on the cell surface and in the extracellular matrix in the form of proteoglycan, where they participate in various biological processes. The diverse functions of CS/DS can be mainly attributed to their high structural variability. However, their structural complexity creates a big challenge for structural and functional studies of CS/DS. CS/DS-degrading enzymes with different specific activities are irreplaceable tools that could be used to solve this problem. Depending on the site of action, CS/DS-degrading enzymes can be classified as glycosidic bond-cleaving enzymes and sulfatases from animals and microorganisms. As discussed in this review, a few of the identified enzymes, particularly those from bacteria, have wildly applied to the basic studies and applications of CS/DS, such as disaccharide composition analysis, the preparation of bioactive oligosaccharides, oligosaccharide sequencing, and potential medical application, but these do not fulfill all of the needs in terms of the structural complexity of CS/DS.

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Role of Hyaluronidases in the Catabolism of Chondroitin Sulfate

Cited by 9 publications

References 29 publications

TMEM2: A missing link in hyaluronan catabolism identified?

TMEM2: A missing link in hyaluronan catabolism identified?

The cell surface hyaluronidase TMEM2 is essential for systemic hyaluronan catabolism and turnover

Research and Application of Chondroitin Sulfate/Dermatan Sulfate-Degrading Enzymes

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