Role of high sugar concentrations in inducing somatic embryogenesis from cucumber cotyledons

Lou, H.; Kako, Shunji

doi:10.1016/0304-4238(95)00833-8

Cited by 46 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…On the other hand, sucrose has been used as the major carbon source in tissue culture (Fuentes et al 2000;Yang et al 2006), which has been found to affect somatic embryogenesis in many plant species (Karami et al 2006;Lou and Kako 1995;Saunders and Tsai 1999). In this study, the effect of sucrose pretreatment on increased embryogenic potential may be linked to both an increase in carbon supply and a change in osmotic potential.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Enhancement of somatic embryogenesis in camphor tree (Cinnamomum camphora L.): osmotic stress and other factors affecting somatic embryo formation on hormone-free medium

Shi

Dai

et al. 2009

Trees

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The aim of this study was to improve the direct somatic embryogenesis and initiate embryogenic callus formation in camphor tree (Cinnamomum camphora L.) on hormone-free medium. The influence of osmotic stress pretreatment of immature zygotic embryos (0.5 and 1.0 M solution of sucrose for 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, and 144 h at 4 or 25°C) before cultured on hormone-free medium, on embryogenesis efficiency was assessed. The embryogenesis frequency was improved from 16.29 to 93.27%, while the average number of somatic embryos per explant increased from 3 to 12.57. Activated charcoal (AC), medium renewal, basal medium, light conditions and sucrose concentration in culture medium were also evaluated for their effect on somatic embryogenesis. AC addition and 10-day medium renewal did not increase embryogenesis efficiency significantly, and Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium proved to be more beneficial for somatic embryo formation than others. No differences were found between embryogenesis frequencies when cultured in darkness or under light, but culturing under light yielded more embryos. After the sucrose solution pretreatment, high level concentration of sucrose in induction medium was not needed for somatic embryogenesis, for it had a negative effect on somatic embryo formation when the concentration of sucrose was higher than 50 g l -1 . The derived embryogenic lines were maintained via repetitive embryogenesis on hormone-free medium. Low ratio formation of embryogenic callus was observed on the surface of somatic embryos both on induction and proliferation medium. Plantlets derived from somatic embryos grew vigorously with normal appearance similar to germinated zygotic embryos.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Enhancement of somatic embryogenesis in camphor tree (Cinnamomum camphora L.): osmotic stress and other factors affecting somatic embryo formation on hormone-free medium

Shi

Dai

et al. 2009

Trees

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“…Mannitol is considered a nutrient and/or growth regulator and serves as a source of osmotic pressure in the somatic embryo-inducing medium (Yang et al 2009). In cucumber and Arabidopsis, studies have found that high osmotic conditions efficiently induced somatic embryogenesis (Lou and Kako 1995;Ikeda-Iwai et al 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Functional Characterization of a SERK Gene from Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)

Yang

Zhao

et al. 2010

Plant Mol Biol Rep

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It is well accepted that somatic embryogenesis serves a primary role in plant regeneration. However, it is also a model system to explore the regulatory and morphogenetic events in the life of a plant. To date, a suite of genes that serve important roles in somatic embryogenesis have been isolated and identified. In the present study, a novel gene designated as GmSERK1 was isolated from soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr). Sequence and structural analysis determined that the GmSERK1 protein, which encodes 624 amino acids, belongs to the somatic embryogenesis receptor-like kinase (SERK) gene family. GmSERK1 shared all the characteristic domains of the SERK family, including five leucine-rich repeats, one proline-rich region motif, transmembrane domain, and kinase domains. DNA gel blot analysis indicated that a single copy of the GmSERK1 gene resides in the soybean genome. The GmSERK1 tissue-specific and induced expression patterns were explored using quantitative real-time PCR. Dissimilar expression levels in various tissues under different treatments were found. In addition, transient expression experiments in onion epidermal cells indicated that the GmSERK1 protein was located on the plasma membrane. The results from this study suggested that GmSERK1, a member of the SERK gene family, exhibits a broader role in various aspects of plant development and function, in addition to its basic functions in somatic embryogenesis.

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“…A previous study demonstrated that cell identity regulators control both development and stress response pathways in response to environmental stress (Iyer-Pascuzzi et al, 2011), indicating that stress responses are diverse depending on the cell types of tissues. Because SE formation from the shoot apex can be induced by applying osmotic stress together with 2,4-D treatment in various species besides Arabidopsis, such as carnation, carrot, kidney beans and cucumber (Cabrera-Ponce et al, 2015;Ikeda-Iwai et al, 2003;Karami et al, 2006;Lou and Kako, 1995), cell identity regulators of a specific cell type in the shoot apex might regulate the molecular pathways for the response to this type of stress and for SE formation. As we observed that SEs arose from the regions of LP, we speculate that one possible cell type is LP cells and one possible cell identity regulator is DRN, which is reported to be strongly expressed in the LP of young seedlings, and whose expression was observed to expand all over the SAM region upon SE induction in our study.…”

Section: Stress and Fate Specification Of The Sementioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of somatic embryogenesis initiated from the Arabidopsis shoot apex

Kadokura

Sugimoto

Tarr

et al. 2018

Developmental Biology

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Somatic embryogenesis is one of the best examples of the remarkable developmental plasticity of plants, in which committed somatic cells can dedifferentiate and acquire the ability to form an embryo and regenerate an entire plant. In Arabidopsis thaliana, the shoot apices of young seedlings have been reported as an alternative tissue source for somatic embryos (SEs) besides the widely studied zygotic embryos taken from siliques.Although SE induction from shoots demonstrates the plasticity of plants more clearly than the embryo-to-embryo induction system, the underlying developmental and molecular mechanisms involved are unknown. Here we characterized SE formation from shoot apex explants by establishing a system for time-lapse observation of explants during SE induction. We also established a method to distinguish SE-forming and non-SE-forming explants prior to anatomical SE formation, enabling us to identify distinct transcriptome profiles of these two explants at SE initiation. We show that embryonic fate commitment takes place at day 3 of SE induction and the SE arises directly, not through callus formation, from the base of leaf primordia just beside the shoot apical meristem (SAM), where auxin accumulates and shoot-root polarity is formed. The expression domain of a couple of key developmental genes for the SAM transiently expands at this stage. Our data demonstrate that SE-forming and 3 non-SE-forming explants share mostly the same transcripts except for a limited number of embryonic genes and root genes that might trigger the SE-initiation program. Thus, SE-forming explants possess a mixed identity (SAM, root and embryo) at the time of SE specification.

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Role of high sugar concentrations in inducing somatic embryogenesis from cucumber cotyledons

Cited by 46 publications

References 22 publications

Enhancement of somatic embryogenesis in camphor tree (Cinnamomum camphora L.): osmotic stress and other factors affecting somatic embryo formation on hormone-free medium

Enhancement of somatic embryogenesis in camphor tree (Cinnamomum camphora L.): osmotic stress and other factors affecting somatic embryo formation on hormone-free medium

Isolation and Functional Characterization of a SERK Gene from Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)

Characterization of somatic embryogenesis initiated from the Arabidopsis shoot apex

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