Role of Gut Microbiota and Probiotics in Colorectal Cancer: Onset and Progression

Torres-Maravilla, Edgar; Boucard, Anne-Sophie; Mohseni, Amir Hossein; Taghinezhad-S, Sedigheh; Cortes-Perez, Naima G.; Bermúdez‐Humarán, Luis G.

doi:10.3390/microorganisms9051021

Cited by 44 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 156 publications

(199 reference statements)

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“…Probiotics show promise as agents of host–microbiome modulation therapies for several diseases, including CRC (Torres-Maravilla et al 2021 ). It has been proposed that probiotics may minimize the development and progression of CRC by mitigating the aggressiveness of tumors.…”

Section: Gut Microbiota In Gi Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Gut Microbiota in Gastrointestinal Tract Cancers

Grochowska

Perlejewski

Laskus

et al. 2022

Arch. Immunol. Ther. Exp.

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Disturbances in gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota could play a significant role in the development of GI cancers, but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. While some bacteria seem to facilitate carcinogenesis, others appear to be protective. So far only one bacterium (Helicobacter pylori) has been classified by the International Agency for Cancer Research as carcinogenic in humans but many other are the subject of intense research. Most studies on the role of microbiota in GI tract oncogenesis focus on pancreatic and colorectal cancers with the following three species: Helicobacter pylori, Escherichia coli, and Porphyromonas gingivalis as likely causative factors. This review summarizes the role of bacteria in GI tract oncogenesis.

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Section: Gut Microbiota In Gi Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been proposed that probiotics may minimize the development and progression of CRC by mitigating the aggressiveness of tumors. Bacillus and Saccharomyces and next-generation probiotics are currently tested in clinical trials (Torres-Maravilla et al 2021 ).…”

Section: Gut Microbiota In Gi Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Gut Microbiota in Gastrointestinal Tract Cancers

Grochowska

Perlejewski

Laskus

et al. 2022

Arch. Immunol. Ther. Exp.

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show abstract

“…305 Currently, only a few studies have indicated that probiotics are effective in preventing CRC. 306 Animal experiments have shown that probiotics can significantly reduce the tumor burden in mice with UCassociated malignancy, which is related to the downregulation of inflammatory factors in the intestinal mucosa, such as TNF-α and IL-6, and inhibition of the NF-κB pathway. 307,308 Their role in the prevention of IBD carcinogenesis needs to be verified in clinical trials.…”

Section: Grade Of Recommendation: Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Chinese consensus on prevention of colorectal neoplasia (2021, Shanghai)

Fang¹

2022

J of Digest Diseases

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Most patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) were diagnosed in advanced stage and the prognosis is poor. Therefore, early detection and prevention of CRC are very important. As with other cancers, there is also the tertiary prevention for CRC. The primary prevention is etiological prevention, which is mainly the treatment of adenoma or inflammation for preventing the development into cancer. The secondary prevention is the early diagnosis and early treatment for avoiding progressing to advanced cancer. The tertiary prevention belongs to the broad category of prevention, mainly for advanced CRC, through surgical treatment and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy for preventing tumor recurrence or metastasis. This consensus is based on the recent domestic and international consensus guidelines and the latest progress of international researches

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“…Thus, synbiotics could be novel therapeutic approaches to strengthen the gut microbiome for protective effects against CRC through alleviating inflammation and preventing tumorigenesis. However, due to the concerns of consuming live microbial species and uncertainties about the net effects of its colonization in the gut, postbiotics are gaining increasing attention as a paradigm shift ( 122 , 123 ). Postbiotics are composed of inactivated microbial cells or their components with or without microbial metabolites, which shows beneficial effects on human health ( 124 ).…”

Section: The Effects Of Dietary Interventions On Colorectal Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Evidence on the Effects of Dietary Factors on the Gut Microbiome in Colorectal Cancer

et al. 2021

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Dietary factors have important role in modulating the gut microbiome, which in-turn regulates the molecular events in colonic mucosa. The composition and resulting metabolism of the gut microbiome are decisive factors in colorectal cancer (CRC) tumorigenesis. Altered gut microbiome is associated with impaired immune response, and the release of carcinogenic or genotoxic substances which are the major microbiome-induced mechanisms implicated in CRC pathogenesis. Diets low in dietary fibers and phytomolecules as well as high in red meat are important dietary changes which predispose to CRC. Dietary fibers which reach the colon in an undigested form are further metabolized by the gut microbiome into enterocyte friendly metabolites such as short chain fatty acid (SCFA) which provide anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative effects. Healthy microbiome supported by dietary fibers and phytomolecules could decrease cell proliferation by regulating the epigenetic events which activate proto-oncogenes and oncogenic pathways. Emerging evidence show that predominance of microbes such as Fusobacterium nucleatum can predispose the colonic mucosa to malignant transformation. Dietary and lifestyle modifications have been demonstrated to restrict the growth of potentially harmful opportunistic organisms. Synbiotics can protect the intestinal mucosa by improving immune response and decreasing the production of toxic metabolites, oxidative stress and cell proliferation. In this narrative review, we aim to update the emerging evidence on how diet could modulate the gut microbial composition and revive colonic epithelium. This review highlights the importance of healthy plant-based diet and related supplements in CRC prevention by improving the gut microbiome.

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Role of Gut Microbiota and Probiotics in Colorectal Cancer: Onset and Progression

Cited by 44 publications

References 156 publications

The Role of Gut Microbiota in Gastrointestinal Tract Cancers

The Role of Gut Microbiota in Gastrointestinal Tract Cancers

Chinese consensus on prevention of colorectal neoplasia (2021, Shanghai)

Emerging Evidence on the Effects of Dietary Factors on the Gut Microbiome in Colorectal Cancer

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