Role of Gamma Interferon and Tumor Necrosis Factor in Early Resistance to Murine Salmonellosis

Nauciel, C; Espinasse-Maes, Florence; Matsiota-Bernard, P.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-2854-8_28

Cited by 75 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Associated to activation of all these cells by bacteria, cytokines play an important role both in the development of the immune response and the protection. Pro-inflammatory cytokines as TNF seemed to be essential in the early phase, and also during the specific immune response [146,159]. IFNγ was also shown to be important, as neutralization of this cytokine with antibodies lead to the death of Typhimurium infected mice [159].…”

Section: Immunity and Host Resistance To Salmonellamentioning

confidence: 99%

Host adapted serotypes of Salmonella enterica

et al. 2000

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Salmonella constitutes a genus of zoonotic bacteria of worldwide economic and health importance. The current view of salmonella taxonomy assigns the members of this genus to two species: S. enterica and S. bongori. S. enterica itself is divided into six subspecies, enterica, salamae, arizonae, diarizonae, indica, and houtenae, also known as subspecies I, II, IIIa, IIIb, IV, and VI, respectively [1]. Members of Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica are mainly associated with warm-blooded vertebrates and are usually transmitted by ingestion of food or water contaminated by infected faeces. The pathogenicity of most of the distinct serotypes remains undefined, and even within the most common serotypes, many questions remain to be answered regarding the interactions between the organism and the infected host.Salmonellosis manifests itself in three major forms: enteritis, septicaemia, and abortion, each of which may be present singly or in combination, depending on both the serotype and the host involved. Although currently over 2300 serovars of Salmonella are recognized, only about 50 serotypes are isolated in any significant numbers as human or animal pathogens [2, 3] and they all belong to subspecies enterica. Of these, most cause acute gastroenteritis characterized by a short incubation period and a severe systemic disease in man or animals, characterized by septicaemia, fever and/or abortion, and such serotypes are often associated with one or few host species [4–6].It is the intention of this review to present a summary of current knowledge of these host-adapted serotypes of S. enterica. The taxonomic relationships between the serotypes will be discussed together with a comparison of the pathology and pathogenesis of the disease that they cause in their natural host(s). Since much of our knowledge on salmonellosis is based on the results of work on Typhimurium, this serotype will often be used as the baseline in discussion. It is hoped that an appreciation of the differences that exist in the way these serotypes interact with the host will lead to a greater understanding of the complex host–parasite relationship that characterizes salmonella infections.

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Section: Immunity and Host Resistance To Salmonellamentioning

confidence: 99%

Host adapted serotypes of Salmonella enterica

et al. 2000

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“…IFN-γ can stimulate the up-regulation of MHC-II expression so that more naïve T cells differentiate into CD4 + T cells [20,21]. IFN-γ cytokines will both stimulate macrophages to control bacterial, in this case S. typhi, replication via the iNOS response and production of complement-fixing and -opsonizing antibodies [22]. This innate activation of T cells plays a key role in strengthening the effector function in cytokines production at sites of infection, especially when the pathogen can inhibit antigen presentation [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbal supplement formula of Elephantopus scaber and Sauropus androgynus promotes IL-2 cytokine production of CD4+T cells in pregnant mice with typhoid fever

2016

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Production of IL-2 by CD4+ T cells is shown to be suppressed in pregnant women infected by bacteria such as Salmonella typhi. Elephantopus scaber and Sauropus androgynus may be used as herbal supplement to ameliorate this condition. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of E. scaber and S. androgynus formulation to promote lymphoid proliferation and CD4 cytokine productions. The pregnant mice were randomly divided into seven experimental groups: K- (control), K+ (with S. typhi), P1 (S. typhi + E. scaber 100%), P2 (S. typhi E. scaber 75% and S. androgynus 25%), P3 (S. typhi+ E. scaber 50% and S. androgynus 50%), P4 (S. typhi+scaber 25% and S. androgynus 75%), and P5 (S. typhi S. androgynus 100%). FACS analysis was done on day 18. Typhoid fever caused decreasing IL-2 and IFN-γ and in contrast increasing IL-4 production. In this experiment we clearly showed that typhoid fever decreased the amount of CD4 T cells but rather increased the amount of B cells. Formulation of E. scaber and S. andogynus was able to ameliorate the condition by increasing IL-2, IFN-γ, CD4 T cells and decreasing both IL-4 cytokine production and the amount of B cells.

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“…In the early stage of Salmonella infection, macrophage activation by cytokines such as interferon-γ (IFN-γ) or tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) seems to be a prerequisite for the destruction of bacteria [9,21]. Activated macrophages produce reactive oxygen and nitrogen intermediates and other biologically active compounds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early cytokine response of gnotobiotic piglets to Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium

et al. 2002

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-Cytokine response against Salmonella Typhimurium is traditionally studied in conventional animals. Germ-free animals, however, enable to study response against infection without background effect of other microorganisms. Plasma and ileal inflammatory cytokines in germ-free piglets orally infected with virulent LT2 strain or, with a non-virulent SF1591 rough mutant were quantified by ELISA. In plasma and ileal washes, IFN-γ levels significantly increased in both infected groups. TNF-α and IL-18 were mostly missing in plasma 24 h after infection. In the ileum, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-1β were induced mainly by the virulent strain, whereas IL-18 was induced in highest quantity by non-virulent Salmonella. These data confirmed an important role of IFN-γ, as well as other inflammatory cytokines in early stage of salmonellosis.Salmonella Typhimurium / gnotobiotic piglet / cytokine Résumé -La réponse précoce en cytokines contre Salmonella enterica Typhimurium chez des porcelets gnotobiotiques. La réponse en cytokines contre Salmonella Typhimurium est traditionnellement étudiée chez les animaux conventionnels. Les animaux sans germes, cependant, permettent d'étudier la réponse à l'infection sans avoir le bruit de fond dû à d'autres micro-organismes. Les cytokines inflammatoires du plasma et de l'iléon chez des porcelets sans germes, infectés oralement par la souche LT2 ou avec un mutant non virulent de SF1591, ont été quantifiées par ELISA. Dans le plasma et dans les lavages de l'iléon, les taux d'IFN-γ ont augmenté significativement chez les animaux des deux groupes infectés. Le TNF-α et l'IL-18 étaient présents en faibles quantités dans le plasma 24 heures après infection. Dans l'iléon, l'IFN-γ , le TNF-α et l'IL-1β ont été induits principalement par la souche virulente, alors que l'IL-18 a été induite en plus grande quantité par les salmonelles non virulentes. Ces données confirment le rôle important de l'IFN-γ et des autres cytokines inflammatoires dans les stades précoces de la salmonellose.Salmonella Typhimurium / porcelet gnotobiotique / cytokine 291 Vet. Res. 33 (2002) 291-297

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Role of Gamma Interferon and Tumor Necrosis Factor in Early Resistance to Murine Salmonellosis

Cited by 75 publications

References 33 publications

Host adapted serotypes of Salmonella enterica

Host adapted serotypes of Salmonella enterica

Herbal supplement formula of Elephantopus scaber and Sauropus androgynus promotes IL-2 cytokine production of CD4+T cells in pregnant mice with typhoid fever

Early cytokine response of gnotobiotic piglets to Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium

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