Role of FNAC, fluid specimens, and cell blocks for cytological diagnosis of lung cancer in the present era

Gupta, Nalini; Sekar, Aravind; Rajwanshi, Arvind

doi:10.4103/0970-9371.171219

Cited by 16 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…FNAC is a rapid, efficient, and minimally invasive technique finalized for the diagnosis of both superficial and deep pulmonary lesions . FNAC triage also provides a rapid onsite evaluation of the cellularity to reduce false‐negatives due to the absence of tumor material .…”

Section: Triage Of Fine‐needle Aspiration Cytology (Fnac) Samples Formentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 FNAC is a rapid, efficient, and minimally invasive technique finalized for the diagnosis of both superficial and deep pulmonary lesions. 16,17 FNAC triage also provides a rapid onsite evaluation of the cellularity to reduce falsenegatives due to the absence of tumor material. 18,19 Moreover, a rapid onsite evaluation allows the acquisition of tumor cells without contamination of stromal tissue and also ensures that enough material can be gathered for ancillary tests while the patient is still accessible.…”

Section: Triage Of Fine-needle Aspiration Cytology (Fnac) Samples Formentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnosis of anaplastic lymphoma kinase rearrangement in cytological samples through a fluorescence in situ hybridization–based assay: Cytological smears versus cell blocks

Marino

Rossi

Brunelli

et al. 2017

Cancer Cytopathology

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Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) status analysis of lung cytological specimens should be successfully encouraged in routine practice because biopsy specimens are not always available. To date, the US Food and Drug Administration has approved both fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) as diagnostic tests for identifying ALK-positive patients eligible for treatment with crizotinib. Although ALK IHC is an optimal diagnostic tool, FISH becomes mandatory in equivocal cases. ALK FISH of paraffin-embedded tissue material is still the gold standard, whereas the cytological specimen assay has not yet been completely standardized. Many controversial data have been reported on the adequacy of cytology cell blocks (CBs) versus conventional smears for FISH testing. This review discusses some critical issues related to ALK FISH of cytological samples, including the triaging of collected specimens to optimize the material, the use of CBs versus conventional smears, and alternative methods for an ALK rearrangement diagnosis. Conventional smears have the advantages of an immediate evaluation, no probe tissue-related artifactual loss, no fixation-related alterations, and usually sufficient material for an analytic preparation. On the other hand, CBs have several advantages, including the appropriate conservation of the tissue architecture, an absence of problems related to cell overlapping, and the ability to evaluate neoplastic cells in a dark field. Cancer Cytopathol 2017;125:303-312. © 2017 American Cancer Society.

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Section: Triage Of Fine‐needle Aspiration Cytology (Fnac) Samples Formentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Triage Of Fine-needle Aspiration Cytology (Fnac) Samples Formentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of anaplastic lymphoma kinase rearrangement in cytological samples through a fluorescence in situ hybridization–based assay: Cytological smears versus cell blocks

Marino

Rossi

Brunelli

et al. 2017

Cancer Cytopathology

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“…Ancillary studies can be done using cell blocks including IHC which can aid in sub-typing of NSCC. 7 The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the pathological spectrum of the lung mass lesion from CT guided FNAC sample in a group of Bangladeshi patients and to evaluate the efficacy of limited IHC panel in cell block sections to subcategorize NSSC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of immunohistochemistry in cell block sections for categorization of non-small cell carcinoma of lung

Yasmin¹,

Haque²,

Islam³

et al. 2019

Birdem Med J

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Background: Computed tomography (CT) guided fine needle aspiration and cytology (FNAC) is a useful modality which aids in early and fairly accurate diagnosis of mass lesions of lungs specially the malignant ones. Previously in patients with primary lung cancer the most important consideration was to discriminate between small cell and non-small cell carcinoma (NSCC) of the lung. With advancement of cancer therapy, sub-typing of NSCC has become very important. The aims of the study were to evaluate the pathological spectrum of the pulmonary diseases in CT guided FNAC of lung mass lesions and utility of limited immunohistochemistry (IHC) in cell block sections to subcategorize NSCC. Methods: The study was carried out at Department of Histopathology in Armed Forces Institute of Pathology from 1st January 2018 to 31st December 2018. It involved total 140 patients who underwent CT guided FNAC in Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka for lung mass lesions. Aspiration was done by pathologist and obtained material was used to make slide smears and cell blocks. Both FNAC smears and cell block sections were examined by histopathologists. The entities diagnosed as NSCC and poorly differentiated carcinomas in FNAC were treated with limited IHC panel in cell block sections. Results: Out of 140 cases 110 were male and 30 were female patients. Age range was from 18 to 85 years, (mean age 60±13.5). Total 83(59%) malignant neoplasms and 57(41%) benign lesions were diagnosed. Among the benign lesions, 28 were diagnosed as granulomatous lesion suggestive of tuberculosis and rests were nonspecific inflammatory lesion. In FNAC smear, small cell carcinoma was diagnosed in 16.9% (14/83) of all malignant lesions, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in 26.5% (22/83) patients and adenocarcinoma in 22.9% (19/83) patients. Twenty-five patients were categorized as NSCC as they could not be further subcategorized in FNAC as SCC/adenocarcinoma. Three patients were categorized as poorly differentiated carcinoma as their cytological features could not rule in/out small cell carcinoma. NSCC and poorly differentiated carcinoma diagnosed by FNAC were33.7% (28/83). Cell blocks of all of them were examined, three of NSCC cell blocks were found inadequate for evaluation. All of the rest cases underwent limited IHC panel in cell block sections and were further subcategorized; 13 as SCC and 12 as adenocarcinoma. Total cases of SCC diagnosed in the study after IHC on cell block sections were 35/83(42%) followed by adenocarcinoma 31/83, (33.35%). Conclusion: CT guided FNAC is an effective tool and can be used for fairly accurate and early diagnosis of lung mass lesions. Immunohistochemistry on cell block sections can be used as an effective tool for categorization of NSCC. Birdem Med J 2019; 9(3): 223-228

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“…Of the 16 articles published in 6 cytology specialty journals ( Acta Cytologica, Cytopathology, Journal of Cytology, Diagnostic Cytopathology, Cancer Cytopathology , and CytoJournal ) during these 18 months, only 2 offer an actual definition of ROSE and these 2 articles are from the same group. In the remaining 14 articles, the term is used to describe the assessment of cytologic adequacy, immediate diagnosis, preliminary diagnosis, the interchangeable use of diagnosis and adequacy in the same article, standard of practice with no further definition, and as a way to ensure adequate cell blocks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…That which we call a rose…”: A critical analysis of rapid on‐site evaluation

Zakowski

2016

Cancer Cytopathology

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Rapid on‐site evaluation (ROSE) is a term used in cytology. A PubMed search demonstrates a plethora of articles regarding ROSE, much of it outside the cytology literature and written without the input of cytologists. The purpose of this commentary is to provide an overview of the current state of the literature regarding this component of cytology practice and to introduce a few suggestions that may aid in the evaluation of the usefulness of ROSE.

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Role of FNAC, fluid specimens, and cell blocks for cytological diagnosis of lung cancer in the present era

Cited by 16 publications

References 33 publications

Diagnosis of anaplastic lymphoma kinase rearrangement in cytological samples through a fluorescence in situ hybridization–based assay: Cytological smears versus cell blocks

Diagnosis of anaplastic lymphoma kinase rearrangement in cytological samples through a fluorescence in situ hybridization–based assay: Cytological smears versus cell blocks

Role of immunohistochemistry in cell block sections for categorization of non-small cell carcinoma of lung

“…That which we call a rose…”: A critical analysis of rapid on‐site evaluation

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