Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Cellular Cross Talk in Malaria

Babatunde, Kehinde Adebayo; Subramanian, Bibin Yesodha; Ahouidi, Ambroise D.; Murillo, Paola Martinez; Walch, Michael; Mantel, Pierre‐Yves

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.00022

Cited by 52 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 134 publications

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“…EVs are lipid bilayer-delimited particles derived from iRBCs or other host cells ( Babatunde et al., 2020 ). Based on their size and biological functions, EVs are classified into two forms: exosomes and microvesicles.…”

Section: Sensing Malaria Parasites: Ligands and Receptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type I Interferons and Malaria: A Double-Edge Sword Against a Complex Parasitic Disease

Tumas

et al. 2020

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Type I interferons (IFN-Is) are important cytokines playing critical roles in various infections, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. Studies have also shown that IFN-Is exhibit ‘conflicting’ roles in malaria parasite infections. Malaria parasites have a complex life cycle with multiple developing stages in two hosts. Both the liver and blood stages of malaria parasites in a vertebrate host stimulate IFN-I responses. IFN-Is have been shown to inhibit liver and blood stage development, to suppress T cell activation and adaptive immune response, and to promote production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in animal models. Different parasite species or strains trigger distinct IFN-I responses. For example, a Plasmodium yoelii strain can stimulate a strong IFN-I response during early infection, whereas its isogenetic strain does not. Host genetic background also greatly influences IFN-I production during malaria infections. Consequently, the effects of IFN-Is on parasitemia and disease symptoms are highly variable depending on the combination of parasite and host species or strains. Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7, TLR9, melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5), and cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) coupled with stimulator of interferon genes (STING) are the major receptors for recognizing parasite nucleic acids (RNA/DNA) to trigger IFN-I responses. IFN-I levels in vivo are tightly regulated, and various novel molecules have been identified to regulate IFN-I responses during malaria infections. Here we review the major findings and progress in ligand recognition, signaling pathways, functions, and regulation of IFN-I responses during malaria infections.

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Section: Sensing Malaria Parasites: Ligands and Receptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type I Interferons and Malaria: A Double-Edge Sword Against a Complex Parasitic Disease

Tumas

et al. 2020

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…It is now clear that EVs and their cargo have potential as biomarkers. Their elevated numbers, notably endothelial-, platelet-and RBC-derived MVs, in the circulation of human patients with CM has already been proven in multiple studies [39,84,91] . The role of EVs as a biomarker in severe malaria is still in its infancy and in-depth multi-centre studies are still needed to ascertain their predictive value to improve rapid detection in bodily fluids.…”

Section: Extracellular Vesicle Cargo: Effector Biomarker or Both?mentioning

confidence: 97%

Extracellular vesicles, from pathogenesis to biomarkers: the case for cerebral malaria

Cheng¹,

Sealy²,

Tiberti³

et al. 2020

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Malaria infections due to the Plasmodium parasite remains a major global health problem. Plasmodium falciparum is responsible for majority of the severe cases, resulting in more than 400,000 deaths per annum. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by vascular cells, including parasitised erythrocytes, have been detected with increased levels in patients with malaria. EVs are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of severe malaria, particularly cerebral malaria, and represent a unique molecular signature for different forms of the infection. In this review, we will cover the known effects of EVs on the vasculature and discuss their potential use as a biomarker of disease severity.

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“…The hepatitis A virus (HAV) can hijack ALIX exosome-like pathways [64,65], while the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) uses the exosome cargo to inhibit immune responses in the course of viral infection [66]. Bacterial and parasitic infections also affect exosome production and secretion [67,68], while metabolic dysfunction due to abiotic stress can also lead to exosomal changes. For example, environmental stresses, including ionizing radiation, can alter exosome secretion, composition and function [39,[69][70][71][72].…”

Section: Regulation and Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosome: A New Player in Translational Nanomedicine

Aheget

Tristán‐Manzano

Mazini

et al. 2020

JCM

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Summary: Exosomes are extracellular vesicles released by the vast majority of cell types both in vivo and ex vivo, upon the fusion of multivesicular bodies (MVBs) with the cellular plasma membrane. Two main functions have been attributed to exosomes: their capacity to transport proteins, lipids and nucleic acids between cells and organs, as well as their potential to act as natural intercellular communicators in normal biological processes and in pathologies. From a clinical perspective, the majority of applications use exosomes as biomarkers of disease. A new approach uses exosomes as biologically active carriers to provide a platform for the enhanced delivery of cargo in vivo. One of the major limitations in developing exosome-based therapies is the difficulty of producing sufficient amounts of safe and efficient exosomes. The identification of potential proteins involved in exosome biogenesis is expected to directly cause a deliberate increase in exosome production. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge regarding exosomes, with particular emphasis on their structural features, biosynthesis pathways, production techniques and potential clinical applications.

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Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Cellular Cross Talk in Malaria

Cited by 52 publications

References 134 publications

Type I Interferons and Malaria: A Double-Edge Sword Against a Complex Parasitic Disease

Type I Interferons and Malaria: A Double-Edge Sword Against a Complex Parasitic Disease

Extracellular vesicles, from pathogenesis to biomarkers: the case for cerebral malaria

Exosome: A New Player in Translational Nanomedicine

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