Role of dietary phospholipids in the transport of (14C) cholesterol in the prawn.

新一, 手島; 昭夫, 金沢; 泰男, 角田

doi:10.2331/suisan.52.719

Cited by 33 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…1998). This hypothesis is supported by the work of other researchers who have observed that inclusion of L‐α‐phosphatidylcholine increases growth and neutral lipid transport within the prawn (Teshima et al. 1986).…”

supporting

confidence: 75%

Exploring the nutritional demand for essential fatty acids by aquaculture species

Glencross¹

2009

Reviews in Aquaculture

604

505

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Essential fatty acids (EFA) remain one of the least well-understood and enigmatic nutrients in aquaculture nutrition. Of all dietary nutrients none has a greater direct impact on the composition of its consumer. Their importance stems not only to their impact on animal growth, but also to factors such as reproduction, immunity and product quality. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n-3) has consistently been shown to provide the greatest EFA value to most species. However, the nutritional value of eicosapentaenoic (EPA; 20:5n-3) and arachidonic (ARA; 20:4n-6) acids has also been significantly greater than that exhibited by linolenic (LNA; 18:3n-3) and linoleic (LOA; 18:2n-6) acids. All five fatty acids have been shown to provide EFA value to most aquaculture species, although the optimal dietary inclusion levels and balance among the fatty-acid classes (n-3 and n-6) and fatty-acid chain lengths (18-C, 20-C or 22-C) vary among species. Environmental origin (freshwater, estuarine or marine) appears to be a primary factor influencing the difference in EFA requirements. The role that EFA play in osmoregulation clearly shows how these nutrients affect animals from different aquatic environments. The influence of EFA on growth also appears to be greatest in larval fish and crustaceans, possibly because of their reduced ability to digest and absorb lipids, but also because of a proportionally higher demand for EFA in the development of, in particular, neural tissues. Despite an abundance of research since the 1970s on the EFA requirements of aquaculture species there remains a need to better define the EFA requirements of most aquaculture species. Of all major aquaculture species only the penaeid shrimp has a comprehensively documented assessment of its nutritional requirements for EFA. The nutritional requirements for EFA in most fish species have not been comprehensively studied and those species that were fully examined in the 1970s and 1980s now need to be reassessed in light of recent changes to the use of high-nutrient-density diets that were not routinely used in either practice or research during that earlier period. In addition to changes in dietary specification strategies, declining dependence on marine-origin lipid sources in recent years has placed an increased imperative on understanding the dietary need for long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (lcPUFA). As aquaculture continues to grow there will be an increased use of alternative lipid resources, such as grain, algal and rendered oils, to provide dietary lipids. In addition to dietary dilution of natural EFA sources through the use of these raw materials, they will also bring new challenges, such as increased levels of n-6 and 18-C polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Introduction of these n-6 and PUFA fatty acids to the diet of aquaculture species will not only influence the nutritional demands of these animals, but will also affect their flesh quality characteristics by reducing their level of n-3 lcPUFA. This dilemma will demand an increased pri...

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supporting

confidence: 75%

Exploring the nutritional demand for essential fatty acids by aquaculture species

Glencross¹

2009

Reviews in Aquaculture

604

505

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The requirement for phospholipids was first demonstrated by Kanazawa et al (1979) working with Penaeus juponicus. Later studies focused on basic physiology (Teshima et al 1986a(Teshima et al , 1986b(Teshima et al , 1986c and metabolism and growth in the presence of other dietary nutrients including cholesterol (Chen 1993) and n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) (Alava et al 1993). However, the effect of phospholipids on the digestion of neutral lipid in the diet has not been examined.…”

supporting

confidence: 88%

Effect of Dietary Phospholipids on Digestion of Neutral Lipid by the Prawn Penaeus monodon

Glencross

Smith

Williams

1998

J World Aquaculture Soc

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Abstract— Different amounts of dietary phospholipid were tested for their effect on the digestibility of total neutral lipids in the diet of the prawn Penaeus monodon. A purified source of the phospholipid, L‐α‐phosphatidylcholine, was included at 0. 5, 10, 20 or 40 g/kg in a purified diet containing 80 g/kg olive oil as the predominant neutral lipid source. The apparent digestibility of the neutral lipid (ADNL) in these diets was determined by comparing concentrations of the digestibility marker, cholestane in the feed and faeces of the prawns. ADNL (%) increased curvilinearly with increasing dietary phospholipid content (X, %) as described by the equation: ADNL = 80.4 + 9.08X ‐1.705X2 (P < 0.05; R2= 0.71); the asymptote of 92.5% was achieved with a phosphatidylcholine value of 27 g/kg. These results demonstrate that phosphatidylcholine significantly increases the digestibility of neutral lipids by penaeid prawns. However, olive oil was used as the predominant neutral lipid source to examine the effects with a relatively poorly digestible lipid source. The effects of phosphatidylcholine on more readily digested lipid sources such as fish oils, may not be as great, but still be sufficient to improve the utilisation of these nutrients.

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“…D’Abramo et al. (1985) and Teshima et al. (1986) concluded that insufficient transport of cholesterol was responsible for reduced weight gain in crustaceans receiving diets deficient in phospholipids.…”

Section: Environmental Regulations and Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shrimp culture in inland low salinity waters

Roy

Davis

Saoud

et al. 2010

Reviews in Aquaculture

178

143

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Inland aquaculture of shrimp in low salinity waters is widespread in many regions worldwide. Owing to its ability to grow and survive in low salinity environments the Pacific white shrimp, (Litopenaeus vannamei Boone) has become the candidate of choice for low salinity culture. Remediation techniques have been developed to improve the osmoregulatory capacity of shrimp reared in low salinity waters. These techniques have evaluated water modification strategies that improve low salinity waters used for production by adding potassium and magnesium fertilizers and dietary approaches that involve modification of the feeds offered to shrimp with supplements that might improve osmoregulatory capacity. Based on our own experience as well as what we found predominantly in the literature, it appears that modification of the rearing medium with potassium and magnesium fertilizers is more effective than dietary modification techniques at improving the growth, survival and osmoregulatory capacity of shrimp reared in low salinity waters.

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Role of dietary phospholipids in the transport of (14C) cholesterol in the prawn.

Cited by 33 publications

References 0 publications

Exploring the nutritional demand for essential fatty acids by aquaculture species

Exploring the nutritional demand for essential fatty acids by aquaculture species

Effect of Dietary Phospholipids on Digestion of Neutral Lipid by the Prawn Penaeus monodon

Shrimp culture in inland low salinity waters

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