Role of context similarity in ABA, ABC, and AAB renewal paradigms: Implications for theories of renewal and for treating human phobias

Thomas, Brian L.; Larsen, Niccole J.; Ayres, John J. B.

doi:10.1016/s0023-9690(03)00037-7

Cited by 131 publications

(169 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…First, the difference found between AAC and ABC renewal in the present series of experiments is in agreement with previous evidence showing ABC renewal to be stronger than AAC renewal in other preparations (e.g., Rescorla, 2008;Thomas et al, 2003). Second, postextinction exposure to Context A (i.e., context extinction) was effective in decreasing extinction in Experiment 2, as was recently reported by Witnauer and Miller (2009;Experiment 2), but here we demonstrate this effect to be much larger for AAC renewal than for ABC renewal.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…AAC renewal is the recovery of an extinguished CR when acquisition and extinction occur in the same context but testing occurs in a different, neutral one (e.g., Bouton & Ricker, 1994). Most evidence suggests that ABA and ABC renewal are stronger than AAC renewal, which sometimes is not even observed (Crombag & Shaham, 2002;Cuevas, Rovee-Collier, & Learmonth, 2008;Nakajima, Tanaka, Urushihara, & Imada, 2000;Rescorla, 2008;Tamai & Nakajima, 2000;Tamai, Nakajima, Kitaguchi, & Imada, 2001; Thomas, Larsen, & Ayres, 2003;Üngör & Lachnit, 2008;Yap & Richardson, 2007). But in our opinion, why AAC renewal is weaker than ABA and ABC renewal has not yet been adequately explained.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Contrasting AAC and ABC renewal: the role of context associations

2010

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Rats were used in a lick suppression preparation to assess the contribution of conditioned-stimulus (CS)-context and context-unconditioned-stimulus (US) associations to experimental extinction. Experiment 1 investigated whether strengthening the CS-acquisition context association enhances extinction by determining whether stronger extinction is observed when CS-alone trials (i.e., extinction treatment) are administered in the acquisition context (AAC renewal), relative to a context that is neutral with respect to the US (ABC renewal). Less recovery of responding to the CS was observed in the former than in the latter case, extending the finding that AAC renewal is weaker than ABC renewal to our lick suppression preparation. Experiment 2 assessed the contribution of the acquisition context-US association to extinction of a CS by examining the effect of postextinction exposure to the acquisition context on responding to the extinguished CS. This manipulation enhanced responding to the extinguished CS in AAC, but not ABC, renewal. Experiment 3 addressed the contribution of the CS-acquisition context association by examining the potential of a neutral stimulus, presented in compound with the target CS during extinction treatment, to overshadow the CS-acquisition context association. This manipulation enhanced responding to the extinguished CS in AAC, but not ABC, renewal. The results stress the important role of contextual association in extinction and renewal.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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confidence: 99%

Contrasting AAC and ABC renewal: the role of context associations

2010

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“…4) may be especially prone to renewal. However, the data also confirm (see also Thomas et al, 2003) that it is possible to attenuate relapse (i.e., renewal) by conducting extinction in a context that is similar to the test context.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Effects of the amount of acquisition and contextual generalization on the renewal of instrumental behavior after extinction

2011

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Four experiments with rat subjects examined the role of context during the extinction of instrumental (freeoperant) behavior. In all experiments, leverpressing was first reinforced on a variable-interval 30-s schedule and then extinguished before being tested in the extinction and renewal contexts. The results identified three important variables affecting the renewal effect after instrumental extinction. First, ABA and ABC forms of renewal were strengthened by increasing the amount of acquisition training. This suggests that the strength of the association learned during acquisition, or the final level of performance, influences the degree of renewal after extinction. The effect of the amount of training was modulated by the second factor, the degrees of generalization from the acquisition and extinction contexts to the test context. The third variable was acquisition training in multiple contexts, which was shown to strengthen ABC renewal. Methodological, theoretical, and practical implications are discussed.

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“…Traditional learning theories assume that the organism adapts to the new situation by erasing previous learning while acquiring the new one (e.g., Mackintosh, 1975;Rescorla & Wagner, 1972). This idea is challenged by phenomena such as spontaneous recovery by the simple passage of time (Bouton & Brooks, 1993;Rescorla, 2007), disinhibition by the presentation of a new stimulus before the target one (Pavlov, 1927), renewal of performance with the context change (Bouton & King, 1979;Thomas, Larsen, & Ayres, 2003), and some forms of reinstatement (García-Gutiérrez & Rosas, 2003) as all have in common that the organism retrieves the original information in the absence of new learning. Taking in account these results, more recent theories assume that when a cue is sequentially followed by contradictory information, the first-and second-learned information are both independently stored in memory, so that which information is retrieved at any given time will depend on the context where the test takes place (e.g., Bouton, 1993).…”

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confidence: 99%

Discrimination Reversal Facilitates Contextual Conditioning in Rats’ Appetitive conditioning

Alcalá

González

Aristizabal

et al. 2018

Psicológica Journal

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Two experiments were conducted with the goal of exploring the effect of experiencing associative interference upon concurrent learning about conditioned stimuli and contexts in rats' appetitive conditioning. During the first training phase, two groups of rats received a conditioned stimulus (CS1) followed by food, whereas another conditioned stimulus (CS2) was presented alone. During a second training phase, discrimination was reversed in group R, while it remained the same in group D. A new conditioned stimulus (CS3) was concurrently trained followed by food during this second Phase (Experiment 1). Reversal discrimination did not facilitate concurrent conditioning of the new stimulus, but there was a trend towards facilitation of contextual conditioning, measured by magazine entries in the absence of stimuli, that was confirmed in Experiment 2. These results suggest that the interference treatment may facilitate context conditioning under circumstances and with boundaries that are yet to be established.Associations among different stimuli are not always stable in nature. The environment changes, and what it was certain at a given point may not *

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Role of context similarity in ABA, ABC, and AAB renewal paradigms: Implications for theories of renewal and for treating human phobias

Cited by 131 publications

References 28 publications

Contrasting AAC and ABC renewal: the role of context associations

Contrasting AAC and ABC renewal: the role of context associations

Effects of the amount of acquisition and contextual generalization on the renewal of instrumental behavior after extinction

Discrimination Reversal Facilitates Contextual Conditioning in Rats’ Appetitive conditioning

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