Role of Chemokines and Trafficking of Immune Cells in Parasitic Infections

McGovern, Kathryn E.; Wilson, Emma H.

doi:10.2174/1573395509666131217000000

Cited by 31 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 154 publications

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“…During helminth infections, parasites develop inflammatory responses, regulated primarily by chemokines or cytokines. The recruitment of effector cells (leukocytes, eosinophils and lymphocyte) to the site of infection and their functions serve for disease control [60]. Gastrointestinal nematodes could actively stimulate cell migration to the target area of infection resulting in inflammation, favorable for parasite existence [46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropomyosin: An Excretory/Secretory Protein from Haemonchus contortus Mediates the Immuno-Suppressive Potential of Goat Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells In Vitro

Ehsan

Haseeb

et al. 2020

Vaccines

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During host-parasite interactions, binding of excretory/secretory proteins (ESPs) on the host immune cells is considered the fundamental phase for regulation of immune responses. In this study, gene encoding Haemonchus contortus tropomyosin (Hc-TpMy), was successfully cloned and expressed, and the recombinant protein after host cell surface attachment was evaluated for immune functional analysis with goat peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in vitro. The isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG)-induced recombinant protein was successfully recognized by the sera of rat experimentally infected with rHc-TpMy. The immunofluorescence assay detected attachment of rHc-TpMy on the surface of host PBMCs. Furthermore, immunoregulatory roles of rHc-TpMy on cytokines expression, PBMC proliferation, migration, nitric oxide (NO) production, apoptosis and monocytes phagocytosis were observed. The results showed that expression of IL-4 and IFN-γ cytokines, cell proliferation, NO production and PBMC migration were significantly suppressed by goat PBMCs after co-incubation with rHc-TpMy protein. However, the productions of IL-10, IL-17 and TGF-β1 cytokines, PBMCs apoptosis and monocytes phagocytosis were elevated at dose dependent manner. Our findings indicated that rHc-TpMy is an important ES binding protein exhibit distinct immuno-suppressive roles on goat PBMCs which might be a potential molecular target to control haemonchosis in future.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropomyosin: An Excretory/Secretory Protein from Haemonchus contortus Mediates the Immuno-Suppressive Potential of Goat Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells In Vitro

Ehsan

Haseeb

et al. 2020

Vaccines

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“…Despite being two different parasites belonging to the same family, they display an utterly distinct morphological and biobehavior which requests the different modality and results in different prognosis [ 13 ]. Like other parasitic infections, immune responses are now known to play a crucial role in the progress of disease development [ 14 , 15 ]. During the long-term E. granulosus / E. multilocularis host interaction, the parasite has evolved a broad spectrum of abilities to modulate the host's immune system [ 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of Toll‐Like Receptors 2 and 4 and Related Cytokines in Patients with Hepatic Cystic and Alveolar Echinococcosis

Tuxun

Apaer

et al. 2015

Mediators of Inflammation

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Several studies have demonstrated the important role of Toll-like receptors in various parasitic infections. This study aims to explore expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and related cytokines in patients with human cystic echinococcosis (CE) and alveolar echinococcosis (AE). 78 subjects including AE group (N = 28), CE group (N = 22), and healthy controls (HC, N = 28) were enrolled in this study. The mRNA expression levels of TLR2 and TLR4 in blood and hepatic tissue and plasma levels related cytokines were detected by using ELISA. Median levels of TLR2 mRNA in AE and CE groups were significantly elevated as compared with that in healthy control group. Median levels of TLR4 expression were increased in AE and CE. Plasma concentration levels of IL-5, IL-6, and IL-10 were slightly increased in AE and CE groups compared with those in HC group with no statistical differences (p > 0.05). The IL-23 concentration levels were significantly higher in AE and CE groups than that in HC subjects with statistical significance. The increased expression of TLR2 and IL-23 might play a potential role in modulating tissue infiltrative growth of the parasite and its persistence in the human host.

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Section: Immune Response To Toxoplasma Gondiimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Upon parasite entry in the small intestine, infected enterocytes secrete chemokines such as (CXCL2), which initially recruit Ly6G + neutrophilic granulocytes to the site of infection. 26 Neutrophils play an important role in protection against infections by phagocytosis and secretion of effector molecules such as IL-12, IL-1β, TNF, CXCL1 and CXCL2, activating other immune cell subsets. However, we have previously shown that specific depletion of Ly6G + neutrophil granulocytes in the acute phase of the infection did not affect parasite control in wild-type mice, suggesting their complementary role in host defence.…”

Section: And Ilcs the Contribution Of Ilcs Vs Th Cells In Various DImentioning

confidence: 99%

Group 1 innate lymphoid cells in Toxoplasma gondii infection

Dunay

Diefenbach

2018

Parasite Immunology

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Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a group of lymphocytes that carry out important functions in immunity to infections and in organ homeostasis at epithelial barrier surfaces. ILCs are innate immune cells that provide an early source of cytokines to initiate immune responses against pathogens. Cytotoxic ILCs (i.e. conventional (c)NK cells) and several subsets of helper-like ILCs are the major branches of the ILC family. Conventional NK cells and group 1 ILCs share several characteristics such as surface receptors and the ability to produce IFN-γ upon activation, but they differ in their developmental paths and in their dependence on specific transcription factors. Infection of mice with the intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii is followed by a strong Th1-mediated immune response. Previous studies indicate that NK1.1 cells contribute to the production of IFN-γ and TNF and cytotoxicity during acute T. gondii infection. Upon oral infection, the parasite infects intestinal enterocytes, and within the lamina propria, innate immune responses lead to initial parasite control although the infection disseminates widely and persists long-term in immune privileged sites despite adaptive immunity. Upon parasite entry into the small intestine, during the acute stage, ILC1 produce high levels of IFN-γ and TNF protecting barrier surfaces, thus essentially contributing to early parasite control. We will discuss here the role of innate lymphocytes during T. gondii infection in the context of the only recently appreciated diversity of ILC subsets.

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Role of Chemokines and Trafficking of Immune Cells in Parasitic Infections

Cited by 31 publications

References 154 publications

Tropomyosin: An Excretory/Secretory Protein from Haemonchus contortus Mediates the Immuno-Suppressive Potential of Goat Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells In Vitro

Tropomyosin: An Excretory/Secretory Protein from Haemonchus contortus Mediates the Immuno-Suppressive Potential of Goat Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells In Vitro

Expression of Toll‐Like Receptors 2 and 4 and Related Cytokines in Patients with Hepatic Cystic and Alveolar Echinococcosis

Group 1 innate lymphoid cells in Toxoplasma gondii infection

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