Role of Body Weight in the Onset and the Progression of Idiopathic Premature Pubarche

Cavarzere, Paolo; Mauro, Margherita; Gaudino, Rossella; Micciolo, Rocco; Piacentini, Giorgio; Antoniazzi, Franco

doi:10.1159/000511873

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 63 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Hyperinsulinemia stimulates growth by acting on insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) receptor and leptin acts as a skeletal growth factor (1). The OW group had more advanced BA A c c e p t e d A r t i c l e at initial work-up and at the progression to central puberty in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…Additionally, hyperinsulinemia and high leptin levels can contribute to bone maturation in obese children. Hyperinsulinemia stimulates growth by acting on the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor, and leptin acts as a skeletal growth factor [ 1 ]. The OW group in this study had more advanced BA at their initial workup and at their progression to central puberty than the NW group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the increasing prevalence of childhood obesity, studies have shown that overweight girls tend to have earlier pubertal timing (1,2,3). A study performed in Egyptian children compared girls with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 85th percentile and those with BMI < 85th percentile regarding the mean age for breast development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Slower progression of central puberty in overweight girls presenting with precocious breast development

Yoo¹,

Kim²,

Jung³

2023

Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose: Overweight/obese girls tend to have an earlier pubertal onset. However, only few studies on the progression of puberty in these girls are reported. This study aimed to identify risk factors for rapid pubertal progression in overweight/obese girls presenting with precocious breast development.Methods: This retrospective cohort study reviewed the medical records of 110 overweight (OW, BMI >85P for age and sex) and 213 non-overweight (NW, BMI <85P for age and sex) girls who presented with breast budding before 8 years of age. OW girls were divided into two subgroups: girls with central puberty progression before 9 years of age (OW-RP) and those without (OW-SP).Results: Progression to central puberty before the age of 9 was more common in NW girls than in OW girls (83.8 % vs. 65.2 % in NW vs. OW group, P<0.001), and progression free survival for 1, 2, and 3 year were higher in the OW group (P<0.001). In subgroup analysis for OW girls, the OW-RP subgroup had more advanced bone age (BA) at first visit (P=0.047), and higher initial luteinizing hormone (LH, P=0.010) levels, compared to OW-SP subgroup.Being NW (P=0.001) as well as more advanced BA (P=0.023) at initial workup were the risk factors of pubertal progression before the age of 9. Conclusion:Pubertal progression seems to be slower in OW girls presenting with precocious breast development than in those NW. However, it can progress rapidly in these girls with more pronounced BA advancement and higher LH levels at the initial workup.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Slower progression of central puberty in overweight girls presenting with precocious breast development

Yoo¹,

Kim²,

Jung³

2023

Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Revising LH cut-off for the diagnosis of central precocious puberty via triptorelin stimulation assay

Cavarzere,

Sandri,

Arrigoni

et al. 2024

Endocrine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction Precocious puberty (PP) in girls is defined by thelarche before age 8. The diagnostic gold standard is an increased LH level following gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulation. Alternatively, GnRH analogues like triptorelin can be used, though their interpretation varies. Since 2000, we have used a triptorelin-induced LH cut-off of 15 IU/L, 4 h post-stimulus. However, many girls showed LH values below this threshold despite evident pubertal progression. Purpose To establish a new LH threshold post-triptorelin stimulation for earlier diagnosis of central precocious puberty (CPP) in girls showing pubertal progression and to evaluate additional parameters for diagnostic accuracy. Methods We enrolled 186 girls with thelarche onset between ages 1–8 and a GnRH analogue assay performed between 2015–2019 without signs of axis activation. Within this cohort, 62 patients repeated the triptorelin test due to rapid pubertal progression. The assay involved administering 100 mcg/m² of triptorelin and measuring LH, FSH, and estradiol levels before and four hours post-injection. Results Patients with axis activation at the second test had significantly higher post-stimulus LH levels at the first test compared to those below 15 IU/L. They also had higher basal LH levels, elevated LH/FSH ratio, and increased growth velocity. Statistical analysis identified a new post-stimulus LH threshold of 5 IU/L. Conclusion We propose a LH value of 5 IU/L after triptorelin administration as a new threshold for early CPP diagnosis. While the LH/FSH ratio and growth velocity are associated with axis activation, they did not significantly enhance diagnostic accuracy when combined with the LH value.

show abstract

Update on Adrenarche—Still a Mystery

Augsburger,

Liimatta,

Flück

2024

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &Amp; Metabolism

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Context Adrenarche marks the timepoint of human adrenal development when the cortex starts secreting androgens in increasing amounts, in healthy children at age 8-9 years, with premature adrenarche (PA) earlier. Because the molecular regulation and significance of adrenarche are unknown, this prepubertal event is characterized descriptively, and PA is a diagnosis by exclusion with unclear consequences at long-term. Evidence acquisition We searched the literature of the past five years including original articles, reviews, and meta-analyses from PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus, using search terms “adrenarche”, “pubarche”, “DHEAS”, “steroidogenesis”, “adrenal”, and “zona reticularis”. Evidence synthesis Numerous studies addressed different topics of adrenarche and PA. Although basic studies on human adrenal development, zonation and zona reticularis function enhanced our knowledge, the exact mechanism leading to adrenarche remains unsolved. Many regulators seem involved. A promising marker of adrenarche (11-ketotestosterone) was found in the 11-oxy androgen pathway. With current definition the prevalence of PA can be as high as 9-23% in girls and 2-10% in boys, but only a subset of these children might face related adverse health outcomes. Conclusion New criteria for defining adrenarche and PA are needed to identify children at risk for later disease and spare children with a normal variation. Further research is therefore required to understand adrenarche. Prospective, long-term studies should characterize prenatal or early postnatal developmental pathways that modulate trajectories of birth size, early postnatal growth, childhood overweight/obesity, adrenarche and puberty onset, and lead to abnormal sexual maturation, fertility, and other adverse outcomes.

show abstract

Role of Body Weight in the Onset and the Progression of Idiopathic Premature Pubarche

Cited by 3 publications

References 63 publications

Slower progression of central puberty in overweight girls presenting with precocious breast development

Slower progression of central puberty in overweight girls presenting with precocious breast development

Revising LH cut-off for the diagnosis of central precocious puberty via triptorelin stimulation assay

Update on Adrenarche—Still a Mystery

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About