Role of Bisphosphonates in Vascular calcification and Bone Metabolism: A Clinical Summary

Dayanand, Pradeep; Sandhyavenu, Harigopal; Dayanand, Sandeep; Martinez, J.; Rangaswami, Janani

doi:10.2174/1573403x14666180619103258

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“… 27 Interactions among traditional risk factors, such as hypertension, smoking, diabetes, and obesity, have been shown to promote VC and subsequent cardiovascular disease. 28 Meanwhile, miR-21-5p has been reported to be highly expressed in hypertension individuals and to potentially serve as a potential therapeutic target for hypertension. 29 Additionally, in cases of diabetes and obesity, miR-21-5p has been found to be overexpressed and involved in the regulation of glucose intolerance and steatosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In patients with cerebrovascular diseases, miR-21-5p expression has been increasingly observed, suggesting the induction of miR-21 in the progression of atherosclerosis, 32 which could contribute to the progression of VC. 28 Interestingly, miR-21-5p appears to play a regulatory role in VSMC proliferation and phenotype transformation, a potential mechanism of VC in ESRD patients. 18 Therefore, the current study further explored the predictive value of miR-21-5p in the progression of uremic VC for ESRD patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical Significance of miR-21-5p in Predicting Occurrence and Progression of Uremic Vascular Calcification in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease

Zhou

Liu

et al. 2022

Yonsei Med J

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Purpose Vascular calcification (VC) is a common complication of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). This study aimed to examine changes in the expression of miR-21-5p in ESRD patients with VC and to explore its clinical value in predicting the occurrence and progression of uremic VC. Materials and Methods 120 ESRD patients were divided into patients without VC group (n=38) and patients with VC group (n=82). All patients were followed up for 2 years to evaluate VC progression. qRT-PCR was used to detect serum miR-21-5p levels. Receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed to assess diagnostic value. Kaplan-Meier and log-rank methods were utilized to calculate associations between VC progression and risk factors. Results Serum miR-21-5p levels were significantly higher in ESRD patients with VC than in those without VC and increased progressively with increasing disease severity. Serum miR-21-5p levels were able to distinguish patients with VC from those without VC, with an area under the curve value of 0.883, a sensitivity of 81.7%, and a specificity of 84.2%. After 2 years of follow-up, miR-21-5p expression had increased in patients with worse VC severity, compared with those with stable VC severity. Patients with high miR-21-5p levels were more likely to develop more severe VC, indicating an association between miR-21-5p and VC progression (log-rank p =0.002). Multivariable Cox regression analysis suggested that serum miR-21-5p is an independent predictive factor of VC progression in ESRD patients (hazard ratio=2.064, 95% confidence interval=1.225–3.478, p =0.006). Conclusion miR-21-5p is overexpressed in the serum of ESRD patients with VC. Our results suggest that overexpression of miR-21-5p is closely associated with VC progression.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Significance of miR-21-5p in Predicting Occurrence and Progression of Uremic Vascular Calcification in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease

Zhou

Liu

et al. 2022

Yonsei Med J

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“…The bone-vascular axis theory indicates that VC processes are accompanied by osteoporosis throughout aging and CKD progression, partly because accelerated bone turnover produces calcium salts flowing into arterial walls from the bone matrix [ 6 ]. Bisphosphates (BPs) are analogs of PPi compounds, which powerfully inhibit bone turnover, and are termed “osteoclast killers.” They have been used to treat patients with VC and severe osteoporosis [ 209 ]. They are distributed to two classes: non-nitrogen-containing BPs, including clodronate and etidronate; and a new generation of nitrogen-containing BPs comprising alendronate ibandronate and pamidronate [ 210 ].…”

Section: Therapeutic Interventions For Vc In Patients With Ckdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascular Calcification in Chronic Kidney Disease: An Update and Perspective

Ren

et al. 2022

Aging and disease

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Chronic kidney disease is a devastating condition resulting from irreversible loss of nephron numbers and function and leading to end-stage renal disease and mineral disorders. Vascular calcification, an ectopic deposition of calcium-phosphate salts in blood vessel walls and heart valves, is an independent risk factor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in chronic kidney disease. Moreover, aging and related metabolic disorders are essential risk factors for chronic kidney disease and vascular calcification. Marked progress has been recently made in understanding and treating vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease. However, there is a paucity of systematic reviews summarizing this progress, and investigating unresolved issues is warranted. In this systematic review, we aimed to overview the underlying mechanisms of vascular calcification in chronic kidney diseases and discuss the impact of chronic kidney disease on the pathophysiology of vascular calcification. Additionally, we summarized potential clinical diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic applications for vascular calcification with chronic kidney disease. This review may offer new insights into the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapeutic intervention of vascular calcification.

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“…Endocytosed bisphosphonates inhibit the major enzyme of mevalonate pathway, farnesylpyrophosphate synthase (FPPS), leading to a decrease in farnesylpyrophosphate (FPP) and geranylgeraniol pyrophosphate (GGPP) thereby preventing the activation of signaling proteins Rac, Ras and Rho and activation of osteoclasts (Figure 3.) (19)(20)(21).…”

Section: The Mechanism Of Action Of Bisphosphonatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bisphosphonates in Dentistry – State of the Art

Vučićević

Živanović

Papić

et al. 2021

Serbian Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research

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Bisphosphonates remain the most used and most effective drugs for the treatment of systemic bone diseases followed by bone resorption. Although their side effects in a form of alveolar bone osteonecrosis have been reported, bisphosphonates have a potential of being used in the treatment of the most common oral diseases followed by alveolar bone resorption such as peri-implantitis, periapical lesions, and periodontitis. The aim of this article was to review the most recent research regarding the use of bisphosphonates in the field of dentistry. The results of studies indicate that bisphosphonate use in the treatment of peri-implantitis, periapical lesions, and periodontitis can reduce alveolar bone resorption and contribute to bone preservation. However, the most beneficial way of their application in the treatment of these oral diseases remain to be determined.

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Role of Bisphosphonates in Vascular calcification and Bone Metabolism: A Clinical Summary

Cited by 18 publications

References 82 publications

Clinical Significance of miR-21-5p in Predicting Occurrence and Progression of Uremic Vascular Calcification in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease

Clinical Significance of miR-21-5p in Predicting Occurrence and Progression of Uremic Vascular Calcification in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease

Vascular Calcification in Chronic Kidney Disease: An Update and Perspective

Bisphosphonates in Dentistry – State of the Art

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