Role of aspirin in the prevention of preeclampsia

Abstract

Pre-eclampsia, or toxaemia, is a potentially fatal condition characterized by extremely high blood pressure (hypertension). Usually, it appears 20 weeks after pregnancy when blood pressure is normal. There is a risk for the mother and the baby to suffer severe complications, if not death. There is an incidence of it of 2-8% in pregnancy around the world. There are a majority of women who have preeclampsia who have healthy babies. There are 13 million premature babies born each year due to preeclampsia. When a baby is born before 37 weeks of gestation, it is considered preterm. There are several common symptoms, such as hypertension, proteinuria, swelling of the legs, and retention of water. A person's vision may also be affected by changes such as temporary blindness, blurred vision, and sensitivity to light. Women who are pregnant are more likely to suffer from hypertension disorders such as gestational hypertension.Several factors increase the risk of toxicity, including obesity, diabetes type 1 and type 2, renal disease, and autoimmune diseases. In addition to placental abruption, HELLP syndrome, fetal growth restriction, and preterm birth, pre-eclampsia can also result in organ damage such as strokes and cardiovascular disease. An individual who has a preeclamptic condition is twice as likely to suffer a heart attack or stroke later in life. The root cause of preeclampsia is still unknown. The miR-200 family has been linked with preeclampsia and upregulated in preeclamptic plasma and placenta. Furthermore, aspirin suppressed the miR-200 family, and these miR-200 family-mediated cell activities, such as cell invasion and EMT alterations, were entirely reversed. The most recent clinical studies back up the use of low-dose aspirin to prevent pre-eclampsia. Prescriptions for low-dose aspirin are issued to prevent placental complications and foetal growth restriction.