Role of Artificial Intelligence in Modeling Psychometrics to Detect Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Abstract

The objective of the present chapter is to highlight applications of machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI) in clinical diagnosis of neurodevelopmental disorders. The proposed approach aims at recognizing behavioral traits and other cognitive aspects. The availability of numerous data and high processing power, such as graphic processing units (GPUs) or cloud computing, enabled the study of micro-patterns hundreds of times faster compared to manual analysis. AI, being a new technological breakthrough, enables study of human behavior patterns, which are hidden in millions of micro-patterns originating from human actions, reactions, and gestures. The chapter will also focus on the challenges in existing machine learning techniques and the best possible solution addressing those problems. In the future, more AI-based expert systems can enhance the accuracy of the diagnosis and prognosis process.

AI Tools Like ChatGPT for People with Neurodevelopmental Disorders

“…It leverages a range of techniques such as machine learning algorithms, neural networks, and natural language processing to solve problems and simulate human behavior [32]. Over time, artificial intelligence has impacted many fields such as AI Tools Like ChatGPT for People with Neurodevelopmental Disorders medicine, automotive, robotics, pattern recognition, decision support, and many others [2,8]. Various health sectors use Machine Learning techniques and Artificial Intelligence for quick and accurate diagnosis [67].…”

“…In conclusion, artificial intelligence refers to the creation of computational systems that can perceive, understand, learn, empathize, decide, and perform tasks that normally require human intelligence. Machine Learning-based systems learn from patterns and predict situations to assist clinicians in the early and effective detection of Neurodevelopmental Disorders [2,4].…”

AI for Psychometrics: Validating Machine Learning Models in Measuring Emotional Intelligence with Eye-Tracking Techniques

“…With accelerating technological advances, the applications of AI techniques have been exploding in many industries, including but not limited to healthcare, finance, transportation, and entertainment. For example, AI has been used in medical services to detect neurodevelopmental disorders ( Singh and Kaur 2020 ) and diagnose mental disorders ( Yan et al 2022 ). Some AI technologies have even become household products that serve our daily life (e.g., Siri in Apple smartphones, robot vacuums, etc.).…”

“…As a result, the applications of AI have exploded across numerous industries and functionalities, including, but not limited to, healthcare, finance, transportation, and entertainment. Indeed, hospitals and medical research have employed AI as clinical diagnostic and exploratory tools, which have allowed AI to recognize behavioral and cognitive traits that validly detect neurodevelopmental disorders ( Singh and Kaur 2020 ). As AI can rely on visual, acoustic, verbal, and physiological features to train models that predict or aid in diagnosing mental disorders ( Yan et al 2022 ), AI can even compete with physicians by confirming or providing differential diagnoses.…”