“…23 The learning process does not imply increased risk of complications or conversions, providing it is always under the supervision of experienced surgeons. 1 In conclusion, training in LA provides a golden key for surgeons to the field of laparoscopic surgery. Its safe and timely integration into a residency program requires qualified faculty surgeons, adequate didactic instruction, a graded and supervised clinical experience with human LA, and a sufficient number of cases to establish proficiency.…”