Role of Active Oxygen in Paraquat and 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-Tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) Cytotoxicity

Sandy, Martha S.; Monte, Donato Di; Cohen, Phyllis; Smith, Martyn T.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-5568-7_127

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Figure 5 depicts the number of banned all-purpose hazardous pesticides specified for SSA countries, showing the median position of Tanzania being a rather representative country for this region [25,26]. Table 1 lists a number of PD-linked pesticides and their status in Tanzania [1,5,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. Most presently known PD linked pesticides have been banned in many areas of the world, particularly in high income regions, yet some of these pesticides continue to be used in SSA.…”

Section: A Global Reservoirmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parkinson’s Disease in Sub-Saharan Africa: Pesticides as a Double-Edged Sword

Urasa,

Dekker,

Howlett

et al. 2024

JPD

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Long-term exposure to pesticides used in agriculture is increasingly being identified as a risk factor for developing Parkinson’s disease. How chronic pesticide exposure might contribute to the growth of Parkinson’s disease in the mainly agricultural communities of Sub-Saharan Africa has thus far received limited attention. There are specific concerns in this area of the world: aging of the population, in combination with chronic exposure to widely used pesticides, including those that have been restricted elsewhere in the world because of neurotoxicity and other health risks. Of interest, the prevalence of Parkinson’s disease among specific (semi)nomadic populations in Tanzania seems very low, possibly due to their lack of exposure to agricultural chemicals. But at the same time, pesticides have also brought important benefits to this part of the world. Specifically, in Sub-Saharan Africa, pesticides have been directly helpful in preventing and controlling famine and in containing major human infectious diseases. This creates a complex risk-benefit ratio to the use of pesticides within a global perspective, and urgently calls for the development and implementation of affordable alternatives for areas such as Sub-Saharan Africa, including non-neurotoxic compounds and non-chemical alternatives for the use of pesticides.

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Section: A Global Reservoirmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pesticides linked to Parkinson's Disease globally and in Sub-Saharan Africa[1,5,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Parkinson’s Disease in Sub-Saharan Africa: Pesticides as a Double-Edged Sword

Urasa,

Dekker,

Howlett

et al. 2024

JPD

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“…Thus, the pesticides paraquat and rotenone have a similar structure to MPTP. Paraquat impairs the protective mechanisms against oxidative stress by undergoing redox cycling and producing superoxides, 17 whereas rotenone inhibits mitochondrial complex I 18 . Recently, large epidemiological studies have reported parkinsonism after exposure to pesticides 19 .…”

Section: Environmental Toxins and Pdmentioning

confidence: 99%

MPTP Parkinsonism and Implications for Understanding Parkinson's Disease

Alshimemeri

Luca

Fox

2021

Movement Disord Clin Pract

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“…Converse to the SN, TBARs concentrations in the striatum were reduced (see Table VII). Both MPTP and paraquat readily point to the toxicity of superoxide (O 2 -), since the compounds are reduced within the cell and generate O 2on autoxidation (Sandy et al, 1988), and transgenic mice overexpressing SOD are resistent to 6-OHDA/MPTP neurotoxicity (Przedborski et al, 1992;Asanuma et al, 1998). SOD activity was dereased in the SN (Table VII).…”

Section: Functional Deficits Induced By Iron Overloadmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurobehavioural deficits following postnatal iron overload: II instrumental learning performance

2003

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Three experiments reporting instrumental learning deficits following postnatal iron overload in rodents are described. In Experiment I, NMRI mice were given different doses of iron succinate (0.0, 3.7 or 37.0 mg Fe 2+ /kg b.w., p.o.) on different postnatal days (PD). In the PD 10-12 group, there were marked disruptions of radial arm maze learning performance in the 37.0 mg Fe 2+ /kg dose group, and to a lesser extent in the 3.7 mg Fe 2+ /kg dose group. In Experiment II, newborn NMRI mice were administered Fe 2+ (7.5 mg/kg, b.w.) at either PD 3-5, PD 10-12, or PD 19-21, or vehicle (saline). Marked deficits in radial arm maze performance were obtained in the mice administered iron during PD 10-12, and to a much lesser extent PD 3-5. In Experiments III and IV, rats were administered two different dose regimes: (i) Experiment III: 2.5, 7.5, 15.0 or 30 mg Fe 2+ /kg b.w., p.o., at PD 10-12, or (ii) Experiment IV: 2.5, 7.5 or 22.5 mg Fe 2+ /kg b.w., p.o., at PD 10-12, followed 3 months later by behavioural testing. All four dose groups in Experiment III demonstrated marked deficits in radial arm maze learning and retention performance but only the 30 mg/kg group showed hypoactivity. In Experiment IV, deficits in inhibitory conditioning were obtained in the 7.5 and 15.0, but not the 2.5, mg/kg dose groups. The analysis of enzymes involved in oxidative stress indicated that: (1) Formation of thiobarbiturate acid reactive species (TBARS) concentration was elevated in the substantia nigra by both the 7.5 and 15.0 mg Fe 2+ /kg doses whereas in the striatum there was a decrease. (2) Superoxide dismutase activity was decreased in a dose-related fashion in the substantia nigra but was elevated in the cerebellum. Iron-overload during the immediate postnatal period incorporating critical synaptogenesis seems detrimental for several aspects of functional and neurobiological development.

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Role of Active Oxygen in Paraquat and 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-Tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) Cytotoxicity

Cited by 5 publications

References 20 publications

Parkinson’s Disease in Sub-Saharan Africa: Pesticides as a Double-Edged Sword

Parkinson’s Disease in Sub-Saharan Africa: Pesticides as a Double-Edged Sword

MPTP Parkinsonism and Implications for Understanding Parkinson's Disease

Neurobehavioural deficits following postnatal iron overload: II instrumental learning performance

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