“…Because the damage caused by lichens on buildings is less and slower than those by herbaceous plants, it is essential to consider these damages as being predictors. Despite various studies in the literature regarding the deterioration of stone buildings caused by biological effects [3,5,6,8,9,11,[16][17][18]22,24,25,34,36,37], the studies that discuss the effects of location, surface roughness and the porosity of the building's stone on biological weathering are not sufficient [19,20,24].…”