Roentgenologic diagnosis of primary corticotropin-producing carcinoid tumors of the mediastinum.

Brown, L. R.; Aughenbaugh, Gregory L.; Wick, Mark R.; Baker, Bilal; Salassa, Robert M.

doi:10.1148/radiology.142.1.6273965

Cited by 59 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…Even if patients do not complain of any symptoms, patients with carcinoid tumors should be followed up carefully using effective inspection methods. We reviewed 50 cases that described skeletal metastasis from carcinoid tumors (3,(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28). The characteristics of the reported patients are shown in Table Ⅰ.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skeletal metastasis of carcinoid tumors: Two case reports and review of the literature

et al. 2012

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Abstract. Carcinoid tumors are neuroendocrine neoplasms derived from enterochromaffin cells. Skeletal metastases from carcinoid tumors are considered to be extremely rare. In this study, we present two cases of carcinoid tumors that metastasized to the bone. Furthermore, we review 50 published case reports and reveal the features of skeletal metastasis of carcinoid tumors. The first case involved a 59-year-old man with a history of multiple metastases of a lung carcinoid tumor. The patient complained of back pain and numbness in the lower limbs. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed metastases in the thoracic spine. A spinal decompression was performed and the symptoms were resolved. The second case involved a 74-year-old man had been diagnosed with a lung carcinoid tumor 15 years previously and complained of left thigh pain. A radiograph showed osteolytic lesions in the shaft of the left femur. We repaired the femur using an intramedullary nail following curettage of the tumor. A radiograph of the femur revealed a callus on the pathological fracture. The patient was able to walk using a crutch 3 months after surgery. We reviewed 50 cases that described skeletal metastasis from carcinoid tumors. The average age of the patients was 54.9 years and 33 patients (66%) were male. The most common site of skeletal metastasis was the spine. We also investigated the survival rate of patients who developed skeletal metastasis from carcinoid tumors. The findings showed that survival of patients who developed osteolytic skeletal metastasis was worse than that of patients who developed osteosclerotic skeletal metastasis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skeletal metastasis of carcinoid tumors: Two case reports and review of the literature

et al. 2012

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“…Carcinoids of the hindgut (left colon and rectum) are not hormonally active. Thymic carcinoids are not known to be associated with the carcinoid syndrome, but in 30-40 % of cases a Cushing syndrome is found (4,6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since 50 % of the tumors with ectopic ACTH secretion are located in the thorax or mediastinum and they often go undetected on plain chest roentgenograms, highresolution CT or an MRI of the chest are useful in detecting these tumors (4,6). Since some ectopic ACTHsecreting tumors express somatostatin receptors, utilization of an octreotride scintigraphy may be employed to find these tumours (4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ectopic Acth-Syndrome Due to a Thymic Carcinoid Tumor

Schaeybroeck

Imschoot

Cochez³

2002

Acta Clinica Belgica

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Investigating a recently developed Cushing Syndrome, we diagnosed in a 47-year-old woman an ectopic ACTH syndrome due to a metastatic carcinoid tumor, most likely a thymic carcinoid tumor. Combined therapy with sandostatin and nizoral and later on with sandostatin, metopirone and orimeten, was not able to suppress the hypercortisolism. A few weeks after surgical adrenalectomy, clinical deterioration ensued, culminating in the patient's death 7 months after diagnosis.

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“…The mass may be partly calcified and may cause SVC obstruction [31, 63]. There is usually evidence of invasive disease, with seven of eight patients in one series having extension into the pleura, pericardium, great vessels or regional lymph nodes [64].…”

Section: Appearance Of Primary Carcinoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If the tumour is functioning and producing ACTH, then bilateral adrenal hyperplasia may also be seen [31]. Bone metastases, which may be sclerotic, lung and liver metastases may be present at the time of diagnosis [63–66]. …”

Section: Appearance Of Primary Carcinoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CT/MRI of neuroendocrine tumours

Reznek

2006

Cancer Imaging

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Neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) are often thought to be rare and rather recherché cancers which are of little concern to the general physician, surgeon or radiologist because of their rarity and esoteric nature. In fact, while relatively uncommon, the total group of gastro-entero-pancreatic (GEP) tumours incorporates the spectrum of all types of carcinoids, incuding bronchial carcinoids, and the whole gamut of islet-cell tumours. Some of these may present as functioning tumours, with a plethora of hormonal secretions and concomitant clinical syndromes, and GEPs in general have an incidence around 30 per million population per year. This means that in the whole European Union, for example, there will be in the region of 12 000 new patients every year presenting with one or another manifestation of these tumours. Furthermore, the comparatively long survival of many of these patients, compared to more common adenocarcinomas or epithelial tumours, implies that the point prevalence is also not inconsiderable. However, it is undoubtedly true that these tumours can be difficult to identify, especially in their early stages, and it is then that radiological investigation becomes of paramount importance. Having taken into account all these considerations, most investigators would initiate investigation of a suspected or biochemically proven islet-cell tumour with cross-sectional imaging-either CT or MRI. This will clearly identify the larger lesions, allow assessment of the entire abdomen, and provide valuable information on the presence of hepatic metastates.

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Roentgenologic diagnosis of primary corticotropin-producing carcinoid tumors of the mediastinum.

Cited by 59 publications

References 0 publications

Skeletal metastasis of carcinoid tumors: Two case reports and review of the literature

Skeletal metastasis of carcinoid tumors: Two case reports and review of the literature

Ectopic Acth-Syndrome Due to a Thymic Carcinoid Tumor

CT/MRI of neuroendocrine tumours

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