Rocket observation of energy spectrum of diffuse hard X-rays

Fukada, Y.; Hayakawa, Satio; Ikeda, Masahito; Kasahara, I.; Makino, F.; Tanaka, Yasuo

doi:10.1007/bf00646232

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…[26]. This model fits the cosmic X-ray background spectrum and is based on observations from SMM [66], Nagoya balloon [67], FIG. 5.…”

Section: Astrophysical Backgrounds: We Consider Various Observations ...mentioning

confidence: 97%

Future Constraints on Primordial Black Holes from XGIS-THESEUS

Ghosh,

Sachdeva,

Singh

2021

Preprint

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Current observations allow Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) in asteroid mass range 10 17 − 10 22 g to constitute the entire dark matter (DM) energy density (barring a small mass range constrained by 21 cm observations). In this work, we explore the possibility of probing PBH with masses 10 17 −10 19 g via upcoming X and Gamma Imaging Spectrometer (XGIS) telescope array on-board the Transient High-Energy Sky and Early Universe Surveyor (THESEUS) mission. While our projected limits are comparable with those proposed in the literature for 10 16 g < MPBH < 10 17 g, we show that the XGIS-THESEUS mission can potentially provide the strongest bound for 10 17 g < MPBH 3 × 10 18 g for non-rotating PBHs. The bounds become more stringent by nearly an order of magnitude for maximally rotating PBHs in the mass range 5 × 10 15 g < MPBH 10 19 g.

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“…[26]. This model fits the cosmic X-ray background spectrum and is based on observations from SMM [66], Nagoya balloon [67], FIG. 5.…”

Section: Astrophysical Backgrounds: We Consider Various Observations ...mentioning

confidence: 97%

Future Constraints on Primordial Black Holes from XGIS-THESEUS

Ghosh,

Sachdeva,

Singh

2021

Preprint

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“…3. The IGRB spectrum as measured by Fermi-LAT [42], EGRET [44], COMPTEL [43], SMM [41] and Nagoya balloon missions [46]. The Fermi-LAT data corresponds to the foreground model C [42], and the Galactic-foreground modeling uncertainty is added in quadrature to the data with 1σ stochastic error.…”

Section: B the Flux From Extragalactic And Galactic Pbhsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting the constraints on primordial black hole abundance with the isotropic gamma ray background

Chen,

Zhang,

Long

2021

Preprint

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We revisit the constraints on primordial black holes (PBHs) in the mass range 10 13 − 10 18 g by comparing the 100 keV-5 GeV gamma-ray background with isotropic flux from PBH Hawking radiation (HR). We investigate three effects that may update the constraints on the PBH abundance; i) reliably calculating the secondary spectra of HR for energy below 5 GeV, ii) the contributions to the measured isotropic flux from the Galactic PBH HR and that from annihilation radiation due to evaporated positrons, iii) inclusion of astrophysical background from gamma-ray sources. The conservative constraint is significantly improved by more than an order of magnitude at 2 × 10 16 g M 10 17 g over the past relevant work, where the effect ii is dominant. After further accounting for the astrophysical background, more than a tenfold improvement extends to a much wider mass range 10 15 g M 2 × 10 17 g.

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“…The UV/soft X-ray background at a wavelength of 10–100 nm remains unexplored. From left to right in increasing wavelength, the plotted datasets are: Fermi-LAT (the total extragalactic background composed of diffuse and resolved point sources) [ 8 ] and EGRET [ 9 ] (we have removed three data points from Strong et al [ 10 ] at highest energies) in the γ-ray spectrum, COMPTEL (filled circles) [ 11 ] between γ- and X-rays, HEAO1 A2 and A4 [ 12 , 13 ], INTEGRAL [ 14 ], SWIFT/BAT [ 15 ], Nagoya balloon experiment [ 16 ], SMM [ 17 ], ASCA [ 18 ] and RXTE [ 19 ] in the hard to soft X-ray regime in green symbols, DXS and CHIPS in soft X-rays/extreme UV (as discussed in Smith et al [ 20 ] as a line at 0.25 keV), HESS in optical [ 21 ] (see figure 2 for other measurements), DIRBE [ 3 ] and FIRAS [ 22 ] in the far-infrared, FIRAS at microwaves [ 23 , 24 ] and ARCADE [ 25 ] in the radio. The area under each of these backgrounds captures the total energy density of the photons in each of those wavelength regimes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extragalactic background light measurements and applications

Cooray¹

2016

R. Soc. open sci.

107

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This review covers the measurements related to the extragalactic background light intensity from γ-rays to radio in the electromagnetic spectrum over 20 decades in wavelength. The cosmic microwave background (CMB) remains the best measured spectrum with an accuracy better than 1%. The measurements related to the cosmic optical background (COB), centred at 1 μm, are impacted by the large zodiacal light associated with interplanetary dust in the inner Solar System. The best measurements of COB come from an indirect technique involving γ-ray spectra of bright blazars with an absorption feature resulting from pair-production off of COB photons. The cosmic infrared background (CIB) peaking at around 100 μm established an energetically important background with an intensity comparable to the optical background. This discovery paved the way for large aperture far-infrared and sub-millimetre observations resulting in the discovery of dusty, starbursting galaxies. Their role in galaxy formation and evolution remains an active area of research in modern-day astrophysics. The extreme UV (EUV) background remains mostly unexplored and will be a challenge to measure due to the high Galactic background and absorption of extragalactic photons by the intergalactic medium at these EUV/soft X-ray energies. We also summarize our understanding of the spatial anisotropies and angular power spectra of intensity fluctuations. We motivate a precise direct measurement of the COB between 0.1 and 5 μm using a small aperture telescope observing either from the outer Solar System, at distances of 5 AU or more, or out of the ecliptic plane. Other future applications include improving our understanding of the background at TeV energies and spectral distortions of CMB and CIB.

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Rocket observation of energy spectrum of diffuse hard X-rays

Cited by 15 publications

References 5 publications

Future Constraints on Primordial Black Holes from XGIS-THESEUS

Future Constraints on Primordial Black Holes from XGIS-THESEUS

Revisiting the constraints on primordial black hole abundance with the isotropic gamma ray background

Extragalactic background light measurements and applications

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