Robust optimisation‐based state estimation considering parameter errors for systems observed by phasor measurement units

Lp Quasi Norm State Estimator for Power Systems

“…To handle the aforementioned problems, a relaxation model of L p quasi norm SE problem is proposed. By introducing a relaxation factor τ > 0, (7) can be rewritten as: (10) where…”

“…For L p quasi norm state estimator, owing to the self-adaptive weighting in (10), the bad leveraged data are downweighed sufficiently when p = 0.1 (the robust mechanism is discussed in detail in Section III-A). Hence, the L 0.1 estimator obtains unbiased results, and the maximum estimation errors of P 1-2 and Q 1-2 do not exceed 0.318% of the true value.…”