“…The stability of a linear time-invariant (LTI) system depends on the eigenvalues of the closed-loop system and the performance characteristics of the system are determined by the eigenstructure (eigenvalues and eigenvectors) of the closed-loop system (Sobel et al, 1994; White, 1995). Hence, as an important means of control, eigenstructure assignment for normal systems (Li and Lam, 2016; Yu and Duan, 2009), descriptor systems (Duan and Patton, 1997), and descriptor quasi-linear systems (Gu and Zhang, 2020, 2021; Gu et al, 2019) have become the focus of many scholars and been applied in related practical fields (Wang et al, 2022). In addition, many other problems of control system design have been solved effectively by using eigenstructure assignment theory (Gu and Wang, 2022; Gu et al, 2022a; Padula et al, 2021).…”