Robust Coplanar Full Adder Based on Novel Inverter in Quantum Cellular Automata

Zahmatkesh, Mersede; Tabrizchi, Sepehr; Mohammadyan, Somaye; Navi, Keivan; Bagherzadeh, Nader

doi:10.1007/s10773-018-3961-6

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…As shown in Figure 1, a 2:1 multiplexer is designed by using basic gates of QCA technology, and it is converted to D latch by applying feedback path which is shown with dashed line in Figure 1. This proposed D latch is designed with NNI gate [22] and the new inverter gate introduced by Zahmatkesh et al [23].…”

Section: The Proposed Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Using Universal Nand-nor-inverter Gate to Design D-latch and D Flip-flop in Quantum-dot Cellular Automata Nanotechnology

Alamdar

Ardeshir

Gholami

2021

IJE

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The process of reducing dimensions in CMOS technology and also making digital devices more portable, faces serious challenges such as increasing frequency and reducing power consumption. For this reason, scientists are looking for a solution such as replacing CMOS technology with other technologies including Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) technology and many researches have designed digital circuits by using QCA technology. Flip-flops are one of the main blocks in most digital circuits. In this paper, a D-type flip-flop (D-FF) is presented in QCA technology that a majority gate has been used in its feedback path to reset. The D-FF is designed by the proposed D Latch which is based on Nand-Nor-Inverter (NNI) and a new inverter gate that the proposed D latch has 24 cells and 0.5 clock cycle latency and 0.02 μm 2 area. The new inverter gate of the D-FF has output signal with high polarization level and lower area than previous inverters and the NNI gate of the D-FF is a universal gate. One of the applications of D-FFs with reset pin is the use in Phase-frequency detector (PFD). In the proposed scheme, a reset feature has been added to D-FF since the PFD structure can be designed. All of the proposed schemes are evaluated by the QCADesigner software and energy consumption simulations are estimated using QCAPro software for all proposed circuits.

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Section: The Proposed Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Using Universal Nand-nor-inverter Gate to Design D-latch and D Flip-flop in Quantum-dot Cellular Automata Nanotechnology

Alamdar

Ardeshir

Gholami

2021

IJE

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“…In order to design D‐FF, first, a D latch should be designed, and then, this latch converts to the D‐FF. It should be noted that an inverter gate that is presented in Zahmatkesh et al 33 is shown in Figure 5. So using this inverter and also the NNI gate shown in Figure 3, a new D latch circuit is proposed in this paper.…”

Section: Proposed Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel quantum‐dot cellular automata implementation of flip‐flop and phase‐frequency detector based on nand‐nor‐inverter gates

Alamdar

Ardeshir

Gholami

2020

Circuit Theory & Apps

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SummaryCMOS technology faces fundamental challenges such as frequency and power consumption due to the impossibility of further reducing dimensions. For these reasons, researchers have been thinking replacement of this technology with other technologies such as quantum‐dot cellular automata (QCA) technology. Many studies have been done to design digital circuits using QCA technology. Phase‐frequency detector (PFD) is one of the main blocks in electrical and communication circuits. In this paper, a novel structure for PFDs in QCA technology is proposed. In the proposed design, the novel D flip‐flop (D‐FF) with reset ability is used. The D‐FF is designed by the proposed D latch which is based on nand‐nor‐inverter (NNI) and an inverter gate. This proposed D latch has 22 cells and 0.5 clock cycle latency and 0.018‐μm2 area. The inverter gate of the D‐FF has output signal with high polarization level and lower area than previous inverters, and the NNI gate of the D‐FF is a universal gate. The proposed PFD has 141 cells, 0.17‐μm2 occupied area, and two clock cycle latency that is smaller compared with PFD and is based on common inverter and majority gates.

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“…The third schematic design suggests two IG and three 3-IMG (Wang et al 2003). This design is used in the plenty of published papers to implement QFA circuit (Abedi et al 2015;Cho and Swartzlander 2009;Wang et al 2003;Hanninen and Takala 2007;Kianpour et al 2014;Wang and Xie 2018;Zahmatkesh et al 2019).…”

Section: A Survey Of Previous Researchesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Researchers have proposed a new QFA design using 5-IMG, IG and 3-IMG (Sousan et al 2015) which is elemental architecture for lots of suggested layouts (Hashemi et al 2012;Navi et al 2010a;Qanbari and Nadooshan 2013;Roohi et al 2014b;Ramesh and Rani 2016;Sen et al 2013;Seyedi and Navimipour 2018;Zahmatkesh et al 2019). The (1)…”

Section: A Survey Of Previous Researchesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A novel fast and small XOR-base full-adder in quantum-dot cellular automata

2020

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Among cutting-edge nanotechnologies, quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) is a well-matched substitute for transistor-based technologies. Full-adder as a primary element of computational circuits has a great effect on other circuits. Hence this paper presents a new schematic design of QCA full-adder (QFA) to implement an efficient layout with minimum cells. The simple structure of the proposed design in minimum latency makes the aforementioned layout unique among state-of-the-art QFAs. Besides, different sizes of ripple carry adder (RCA) are implemented using this efficient full-adder layout to show its applicability. The proposed design of this work are simulated using QCADesigner tool. Moreover, The proposed full-adder have verified with physical formulas. 32.43% decreasing cell count and 50% increasing speed is the result of a comparison between our optimum QFA layout and previously published design with a similar structure. Ultimately different sizes of ripple carry adders of this paper are compared to the previous layouts and results show the performance of suggested RCA's structure.

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Robust Coplanar Full Adder Based on Novel Inverter in Quantum Cellular Automata

Cited by 22 publications

References 19 publications

Using Universal Nand-nor-inverter Gate to Design D-latch and D Flip-flop in Quantum-dot Cellular Automata Nanotechnology

Using Universal Nand-nor-inverter Gate to Design D-latch and D Flip-flop in Quantum-dot Cellular Automata Nanotechnology

Novel quantum‐dot cellular automata implementation of flip‐flop and phase‐frequency detector based on nand‐nor‐inverter gates

A novel fast and small XOR-base full-adder in quantum-dot cellular automata

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