Hybrids of two-dimensional (2D) and 0D nanomaterials
offer a wider
spectrum of properties than their counterparts. Here, we choose a
molybdenum disulfide and NaGdF4:Yb3+, Er3+ upconversion nanoparticle (MoS2-UCNP) nanocomposite
(NC) on graphene (G)-coated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and silica/silicon
(SiO2/Si) substrates as broadband photodetectors (PDs).
The band gap (∼680 nm) limited response of pure MoS2 is broadened by the infrared (980 nm) absorbing UCNPs. Identically
fabricated PDs on PDMS and SiO2/Si showed the highest photoresponsivity
of 26.18 and 84.52 AW–1, respectively, under 661
nm laser illumination at a density of 1 mW/cm2 at 1 V bias.
The MoS2-UCNPs/Graphene/SiO2/Si PD (SiO2/Si PD) showed a response time of ∼100 ms compared
to ∼3 s for the PDMS-based PD. The PDMS-based PD showed a reasonably
stable photocurrent, decaying by ∼39%, under 250 repetitive
cycles of 6.25% bending strain; a maximum decrease of ∼40%
of the photocurrent was observed under the 11.11% bending strain compared
to the as-prepared flat PD. Both devices could detect signals from
domestic appliances such as air conditioner remotes, laser pointers,
and cellphone flashlights. The flexible PD based on a hybrid of two
nanomaterials having complementary ranges of absorption offers the
possibility for better wearable sensors.