Robust and Accurate Frequency and Timing Synchronization Using Chirp Signals

Boumard, Sandrine; Mämmelä, Aarne

doi:10.1109/tbc.2008.2008712

Cited by 38 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Then, a burst of 1s chirp signal with a bandwidth of 200Hz to 20kHz was generated and sent to each subject for 3 times at each position. After the sound signal was recorded at two ear canals, HRTFs could be calculated using a FFT-based synchronization method [30]. Finally, 20 HRTFs were obtained for each subject and used for mode adaptation.…”

Section: Subjective Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parameter-Transfer Learning for Low-Resource Individualization of Head-Related Transfer Functions

Wang

2019

Interspeech 2019

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Individualized head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) play an important role in accurate localization perception. However, it is a great challenge to efficiently measure continuous HRTFs for each person in full space. In this paper, we propose a parameter-transfer learning method termed PTL to obtain individualized HRTFs based on a small set of HRTF measurements. The key idea behind PTL is to transfer a HRTF generation model from other database to a target individual. To this end, PTL first pretrains a deep neural network (DNN)based universal model on a large database of HRTFs with the assist of domain knowledge. Domain knowledge is used to generate the input features derived from the solution to sound wave propagation equation at the physical level, and to design the loss function based on the knowledge of objective evaluation criterion. Then, the universal model is transferred to a target individual by adapting the parameters of a hidden layer of DNN with a small set of HRTF measurements. The adaptation layer is determined by experimental verification. We also conduct the objective and subjective experiments, and the results show that the proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-arts methods in terms of LSD and localization accuracy.

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Section: Subjective Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parameter-Transfer Learning for Low-Resource Individualization of Head-Related Transfer Functions

Wang

2019

Interspeech 2019

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“…The sampling type DFRFT algorithm has been used for generating this timing metric [139]. It is clearly visible from the plots that the timing metric of FRFT based method has a sharp peak with no side peaks as appear [129][130][131][132][133][134], the carrier frequency offset is usually divided in two parts (a) the fractional frequency offset (FFO); (b) the integer frequency offset (IFO). The first algorithm for frequency offset estimation using preamble was given by Moose [120] in 1994.…”

Section: Data-aided Timing Offset Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

OFDM and its Major Concerns: A Study with Way Out

Saxena

Joshi

2013

IETE Journal of Education

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“…The approach demonstrated here does not require a measurement and calibration of the symmetrical path delay [8] and can be integrated easily into standard setups for optical frequency transfer. Also, it does not require a specialized correlator to exploit pseudo-random codes [5,6] or intricate chirps [14]. The timing offset is obtained directly from the difference of the frequencies measured at both ends of the links.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chirped frequency transfer: a tool for synchronization and time transfer

Raupach

Grosche

2014

IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelect., Freq. Contr.

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We propose and demonstrate the phase-stabilized transfer of a chirped frequency as a tool for synchronization and time transfer. Technically, this is done by evaluating remote measurements of the transferred, chirped frequency. The gates of the frequency counters, here driven by a 10-MHz oscillation derived from a hydrogen maser, play a role analogous to the 1-pulse per second (PPS) signals usually employed for time transfer. In general, for time transfer, the gates consequently must be related to the external clock. Synchronizing observations based on frequency measurements, on the other hand, only requires a stable oscillator driving the frequency counters. In a proof of principle, we demonstrate the suppression of symmetrical delays, such as the geometrical path delay. We transfer an optical frequency chirped by around 240 kHz/s over a fiber link of around 149 km. We observe an accuracy and simultaneity, as well as a precision (Allan deviation, 18,000 s averaging interval) of the transferred frequency of around 2 × 10(-19). We apply chirped frequency transfer to remote measurements of the synchronization between two counters' gate intervals. Here, we find a precision of around 200 ps at an estimated overall uncertainty of around 500 ps. The measurement results agree with those obtained from reference measurements, being well within the uncertainty. In the present setup, timing offsets up to 4 min can be measured unambiguously. We indicate how this range can be extended further.

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Robust and Accurate Frequency and Timing Synchronization Using Chirp Signals

Cited by 38 publications

References 23 publications

Parameter-Transfer Learning for Low-Resource Individualization of Head-Related Transfer Functions

Parameter-Transfer Learning for Low-Resource Individualization of Head-Related Transfer Functions

OFDM and its Major Concerns: A Study with Way Out

Chirped frequency transfer: a tool for synchronization and time transfer

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