Robotic Laser Adaptive Optics Imaging of 715 Kepler Exoplanet Candidates Using Robo-Ao

Law, Nicholas M.; Morton, Tim; Baranec, Christoph; Riddle, Reed; Ravichandran, Ganesh; Ziegler, Carl; Johnson, John Asher; Tendulkar, Shriharsh P.; Bui, Khanh; Burse, Mahesh; Das, H. K.; Dekany, Richard; Kulkarni, S. R.; Punnadi, Sujit; Ramaprakash, A. N.

doi:10.1088/0004-637x/791/1/35

Cited by 160 publications

(199 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…This is a rough measurement of false positives in the KOI catalog and is easily consistent with the broad < 10% false positive rate predicted by modeling (Morton and Johnson 2011). On the whole, the derived planet candidate sizes are only slightly larger than estimates from Law et al (2014), henceforth L14. The exceptions are primarily those candidates listed in Table 3.…”

Section: +44%supporting

confidence: 76%

Probability of the Physical Association of 104 Blended Companions to Kepler Objects of Interest Using Visible and Near-Infrared Adaptive Optics Photometry

Atkinson

Baranec

Ziegler

et al. 2016

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We determine probabilities of physical association for stars in blended Kepler Objects of Interest, and find that 14.5% +3.8%−3.4% of companions within ∼ 4 are consistent with being physically unassociated with their primary. This produces a better understanding of potential false positives in the Kepler catalog and will guide models of planet formation in binary systems. Physical association is determined through two methods of calculating multi-band photometric parallax using visible and near-infrared adaptive optics observation of 84 KOI systems with 104 contaminating companions within ∼ 4 . We find no evidence that KOI companions with separation of less than 1 are more likely to be physically associated than KOI companions generally. We also reinterpret transit depths for 94 planet candidates, and calculate that 2.6% ± 0.4% of transits have R > 15R ⊕ , which is consistent with prior modeling work.

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Section: +44%supporting

confidence: 76%

Probability of the Physical Association of 104 Blended Companions to Kepler Objects of Interest Using Visible and Near-Infrared Adaptive Optics Photometry

Atkinson

Baranec

Ziegler

et al. 2016

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“…These include radial velocity observations, BLENDER and PASTIS analyses of the probability of false positive scenarios (Torres et al 2010b;Díaz et al 2014), high resolution photometry to search for close companions (e.g. Everett et al 2015;Lillo-Box et al 2012, 2014Law et al 2014) or TTVs (e.g. Steffen et al 2012;.…”

Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

One of the closest exoplanet pairs to the 3:2 mean motion resonance: K2-19b and c

Armstrong

Santerne

Veras

et al. 2015

A&A

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Aims. The K2 mission has recently begun to discover new and diverse planetary systems. In December 2014, Campaign 1 data from the mission was released, providing high-precision photometry for ∼22 000 objects over an 80-day timespan. We searched these data with the aim of detecting more important new objects. Methods. Our search through two separate pipelines led to the independent discovery of K2-19b and c, a two-planet system of Neptune-sized objects (4.2 and 7.2 R ⊕ ), orbiting a K dwarf extremely close to the 3:2 mean motion resonance. The two planets each show transits, sometimes simultaneously owing to their proximity to resonance and the alignment of conjunctions. Results. We obtained further ground-based photometry of the larger planet with the NITES telescope, demonstrating the presence of large transit timing variations (TTVs), and used the observed TTVs to place mass constraints on the transiting objects under the hypothesis that the objects are near but not in resonance. We then statistically validated the planets through the PASTIS tool, independently of the TTV analysis.

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“…56 separation. The planet in this system would be much larger than 4 Å R if it orbits the companion star rather than the primary (Law et al 2014;Furlan et al 2017), so we deem this measurement unreliable. We consider the planet parameters for the other four systems to be reliable and confirm that planets remain in the L16 desert when spectroscopic stellar parameters are adopted.…”

Section: Photoevaporation Desertmentioning

confidence: 94%

K2-66b and K2-106b: Two Extremely Hot Sub-Neptune-size Planets with High Densities

Sinukoff

Howard

Petigura

et al. 2017

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We report precise mass and density measurements of two extremely hot sub-Neptune-size planets from the K2 mission using radial velocities, K2 photometry, and adaptive optics imaging. K2-66 harbors a close-in subNeptune-sized ( -+ 2.49 0.24 0.34 Å R ) planet (K2-66b) with a mass of  21.3 3.6 Å M . Because the star is evolving up the subgiant branch, K2-66b receives a high level of irradiation, roughly twice the main-sequence value. K2-66b may reside within the so-called "photoevaporation desert," a domain of planet size and incident flux that is almost completely devoid of planets. Its mass and radius imply that K2-66b has, at most, a meager envelope fraction (<5%) and perhaps no envelope at all, making it one of the largest planets without a significant envelope. K2-106 hosts an ultra-short-period planet (P=13.7 hr) that is one of the hottest sub-Neptune-size planets discovered to date. Its radius ( -+ 1.82 0.14 0.20 Å R ) and mass (  9.0 1.6 Å M ) are consistent with a rocky composition, as are all other small ultra-short-period planets with well-measured masses. K2-106 also hosts a larger, longer-period planet (R p = -+ 2.77 0.23 0.37 Å R , P=13.3 days) with a mass less than 24.4 Å M at 99.7% confidence. K2-66b and K2-106b probe planetary physics in extreme radiation environments. Their high densities reflect the challenge of retaining a substantial gas envelope in such extreme environments.

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Robotic Laser Adaptive Optics Imaging of 715 Kepler Exoplanet Candidates Using Robo-Ao

Cited by 160 publications

References 47 publications

Probability of the Physical Association of 104 Blended Companions to Kepler Objects of Interest Using Visible and Near-Infrared Adaptive Optics Photometry

Probability of the Physical Association of 104 Blended Companions to Kepler Objects of Interest Using Visible and Near-Infrared Adaptive Optics Photometry

One of the closest exoplanet pairs to the 3:2 mean motion resonance: K2-19b and c

K2-66b and K2-106b: Two Extremely Hot Sub-Neptune-size Planets with High Densities

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