Roadside Sediment Production and Control

Abstract:A replicated field study using rainfall simulation and overland flow application was conducted in central Oahu, Hawaii, on a clay-dominated Oxisol with a 9% slope. Three main treatment groups were examined: a bare treatment, a group of four rolled erosion control systems (RECSs) with open weave designs, and a group of five randomly oriented fibre RECSs. A total of 1122 measurements of runoff and erosion were made to examine treatment differences and to explore temporal patterns in runoff and sediment flux.All erosion control systems significantly delayed the time required to generate plot runoff under both simulated rainfall (35 mm h 1 ) and the more intense trickle flow application (114 mm h 1 ). Once runoff was generated during the rainfall application phase, the bare treatment runoff coefficients were significantly lower than those from the two groups of RECSs, as surface seal disruption by rilling is inferred to have enhanced infiltration in the bare treatments. During the more intense phase of overland flow application, the reverse pattern was observed. Interrill contributing-area roughness was reduced on the bare treatment, facilitating increased runoff to well-developed rill networks. Meanwhile, the form roughness associated with the RECSs delayed interrill flow to the poorly organized rills that formed under some of the RECSs.Regardless of runoff variations between treatments, sediment output was significantly lower from all surfaces covered by RECSs. The median cumulative sediment output from the bare surfaces was 6Ð9 kg, compared with 1Ð2 kg from the open-weave RECSs and 0Ð2 kg from the random-fibre RECSs. The random-fibre systems were particularly effective under the more stressful overland flow application phase, with 63 times less sediment eroded than the bare treatments and 12 times less than that from the open-weave systems. Architectural design differences between the two groups of RECSs are discussed in light of their relation to erosion process dynamics and shear stress partitioning.

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Soil Erosion in Steep Road Cut Slopes in Palencia (Spain)

Hevia

Lima‐Farias

Araújo

et al. 2015

Land Degrad Dev

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Construction associated to land development, such as roads and railroads, promote severe land degradation. Cutslope sediment yield is one of the major pollutants on waters close to the road and railroad network. To estimate road impact, soil erosion (E), sediment yield (SY) and morphological evolution of a railroad cut in Palencia (Spain), were studied using erosion nails, during the periods 1998-1999, 1999-2000 and 2000-2010. Data from two sample plots were analyzed by an ANOVA for repeated measures. Slope morphological evolution was estimated using a cubic polynomial regression, while E and SY were calculated by integration. The top and the toe of the slope eroded and accumulated 0·5 m respectively, evolving into a concave/convex slope profile. The mean measured E was 220 Mg ha À1 y À1. SY was 31 Mg ha À1 y À1 , ranging from 109 Mg ha À1 y À1 to 24 Mg ha À1 y À1 . Sediment yield was 4·5 times higher during the first year, than in all subsequent years. Results showed a decreasing trend and a stabilization in E and SY rates. However, both rates remain high and critical over the analyzed time, with regards to soil formation, water protection, land degradation and infrastructure maintenance.

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Roadside Sediment Production and Control

Cited by 9 publications

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Rolled erosion control systems for hillslope surface protection: a critical review, synthesis and analysis of available data. I. Background and formative years

Rolled erosion control systems for hillslope surface protection: a critical review, synthesis and analysis of available data. I. Background and formative years

Hillslope runoff and erosion as affected by rolled erosion control systems: a field study

Soil Erosion in Steep Road Cut Slopes in Palencia (Spain)

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