RNRA and neutron threshold analyses of thick lithium coatings deposited by sputter evaporation

Rigaux, C.; Vigneron, R.; Bodart, F.; Jongen, Y.; Cambriani, Andrea; Lucas, Stéphane

doi:10.1016/j.nimb.2008.03.018

Cited by 3 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…After deposition of Li, the sample was moved above a SS source (magnetron sputtering), and 0.5 µm of SS was deposited without breaking the vacuum. Details can be found in the literature of ref 6…”

Section: Experimental Partmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sputter-evaporation is one of the techniques of choice for plating substrates by physical methods. [6] The deposition of Lithium on any substrate currently faces two major issues: Li diffusion into the substrate and Li reactivity with air according to the following chemical reactions: [7] 6 Li ðsÞ þ N 2ðgÞ ! 2Li 3 (2) Lithium coatings on various substrates have numerous applications: Boron neutron capture therapy, neutron activation analysis, super-conducting tokamak etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[6] In this work, we study the stability in air of thick Li coatings (from 10 to 40 mm) deposited by sputter evaporation and protected by a thin (0.5 mm) stainless steel (SS) layer. Other metals for encapsulating the Li films have also been studied (Ta, Fe, Ni, Cr, etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These applications require a good coating quality in terms of smoothness, density and adhesion to the substrate. Sputter‐evaporation is one of the techniques of choice for plating substrates by physical methods 6…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our previous work we showed that resonant nuclear reaction analysis (RNRA) is a suitable tool to study the possible Li diffusion in various materials and also that Li does not diffuse into glass at room temperature 6…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analyses of Thick Lithium Coatings Deposited by Sputter‐Evaporation and Exposed to Air

Rigaux

Lafort

Bodart

et al. 2009

Plasma Processes & Polymers

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Lithium coatings on various substrates have numerous applications: Boron neutron capture therapy, neutron activation analysis, super‐conducting tokamak etc. Traditionally these coatings are produced by well‐known techniques such as electrochemistry and evaporation. In this work, we investigated a new method based on sputter‐evaporation, which enables thick coatings (>10 µm) to be built on various substrates within a short timeframe. In order to minimize the process time, evaporation techniques can be used but the coating quality suffers. Moreover, it is well known that the use of DC magnetron sputtering results in the deposition of good quality coatings (smoothness, density, adhesion); however, the deposition rate is low. The rationale of this work is to combine these two techniques, yielding a sputter‐evaporation process that possesses the advantages of each separate technique. Li is placed in a stainless steel crucible (cathode), and heated by the plasma generated by a magnetron discharge. The Li temperature is measured by a thermocouple welded onto the cathode and measured at different plasma power densities. The deposition rate of lithium is measured using a quartz balance and by profilometry, at several temperatures (from 0 to 580 °C). Li samples were depth‐profiled with the resonant nuclear reaction 7Li(p,γ)7. In addition to the concentration, certain characteristics like the density and the chemical reactivity of layers, are also important. Thus we have studied the evolution of the density with time, estimated by weight and profilometry measurements, and the change in morphology, by cross‐sectional scanning electron microscopy (SEM), of samples exposed to air at room temperature. The evolution of the film compounds have also been determined by X‐ray powder diffraction. These physical properties have been investigated for various bias substrates during deposition.

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Section: Experimental Partmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Analyses of Thick Lithium Coatings Deposited by Sputter‐Evaporation and Exposed to Air

Rigaux

Lafort

Bodart

et al. 2009

Plasma Processes & Polymers

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Current Status and Future Perspective on Lithium Metal Anode Production Methods

Acebedo

Morant‐Miñana

Gonzalo

et al. 2023

Advanced Energy Materials

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Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) are one of the most promising energy storage technologies that would overcome the limitations of current Li‐ion batteries, based on their low density (0.534 g cm−3), low reduction potential (−3.04 V vs Standard Hydrogen Electrode) as well as their high theoretical capacities (3860 mAh g−1 and 2061 mAh cm−3). The overall cell mass and volume would be reduced while both gravimetric and volumetric energy densities would be greatly improved. Their electrochemical performance, however, is hampered by the low efficiency at high current densities and continuous degradation, which are related, among other factors, to the properties of the lithium metal anode (LMA). Hence, the production and processing of LMAs is crucial to obtain the desired properties that would enable LMBs. Here, the conventional method used for the production of LMAs, which is the combination of extraction, electrowinning, extrusion, and rolling processes, is reviewed. Then, the advances in the different alternative methods that can be used to produce and improve the properties of LMAs are described, which are divided into vapor phase, liquid phase, and electrodeposition. Within this last method, the anode‐less concept, for which different approaches to the development of advanced current collectors are illustrated, is included.

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