RNA of Australia Antigen

Jóźwiak, W; Kościelak, Jerzy; Madaliński, K; Brzosko, W; Nowosławski, A; Kłoczewiak, M

doi:10.1038/newbio229092a0

Cited by 50 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The gradient was divided into four regions (Fig. 3): fractions 27-33 (pool A), [21][22][23][24][25][26] (pool B), [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] (pool C), and [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] (pool D). Each pool was diluted in Pi/NaCl and pelleted; the pellets were examined by electron microscopy.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

delta Agent: association of delta antigen with hepatitis B surface antigen and RNA in serum of delta-infected chimpanzees.

Rizzetto¹,

Hoyer²,

Canese³

et al. 1980

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

403

276

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The hepatitis B virus-associated , antigen was found in the serum of experimentally infected chimpanzees as an internal component of a discrete subpopulation of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) particles. The 35-to 37-nm particles banded in CsCl at 1.24-1.25 g/cm3 and sedimented with a mobility intermediate between that of the hepatitis B virion and that of the 22-nm form of HBsAg. The particles contained only indistinct internal structure by electron microscopy and were not unique to 5 agent infection, similar particles without 5-antigen activity being observed in the preinfection serum of HBsAg carrier chimpanzees. A small RNA (Mr, 5 X 105) was temporally associated with 5 antigen in the serum of infected chimpanzees and copurified with the -antigen-associated particles. This RNA is smaller than the genomes of known RNA viruses but larger than the viroids of higher plants. The 3 antigen (6-Ag), a relatively new specificity, first was detected by immunofluorescence in the liver of human subjects with chronic hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) hepatitis (1). Ultrastructural studies have failed to demonstrate components of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in b-Ag-positive nuclei (2) and the b-Ag-anti-b-Ag system is distinct from the known antigenantibody systems of HBV (3). Prevalence studies of b-Ag-anti-3-Ag in human populations (4,5) and transmission experiments in chimpanzees (6) indicate that b-Ag is associated with a transmissible pathogenic agent, 3 agent, that is either a HBV mutant with characteristics of a defective interfering particle or a new agent which requires helper functions of HBV for its expression.After extraction from hepatocyte nuclei with guanidine hydrochloride, b-Ag was characterized as a protein with a molecular weight of approximately 68,000 (2). Although b-Ag has not been detected in the sera of patients with intrahepatic b-Ag, such individuals develop high titers of anti-3-Ag which might interfere with the available solid-phase radioimmunoassay for b-Ag. The analysis of serial specimens from chimpanzees to which 3-agent was transmitted revealed 6-Ag in the sera during the acute phase of infection and prior to the development of anti-3-Ag (6). We report here the association of 3-Ag in serum with a discrete subpopulation of HBsAg and a low molecular weight RNA. MATERIALS AND METHODSSource of 5Ag. Two chronic HBsAg-carrier chimpanzees (nos. 29 and 800) were infected with 3 agent by inoculation with serum from a patient with chronic type B hepatitis and intrahepatic b-Ag. Serum samples and percutaneous liver biopsies were taken from each animal before inoculation and weekly thereafter and analyzed for markers of b-Ag and HBV. TheseThe publication costs of this article were defrayed in part by page charge payment. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U. S. C. §1734 solely to indicate this fact. 6124 chimpanzees were part of a transmission study of the 3 agent and experimental details are reported elsewhere (6). Serum samples containing b-Ag...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

delta Agent: association of delta antigen with hepatitis B surface antigen and RNA in serum of delta-infected chimpanzees.

Rizzetto¹,

Hoyer²,

Canese³

et al. 1980

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

403

276

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…On the other hand, the anti-DNA found in acute hepatitis can hardly be an antibody to viral DNA, because such virus has not been demonstrated in acute hepatitis. Similarly, the Australia antigen which was demonstrated together with anti-DNA in six of the patients with acute hepatitis, cannot be supposed in itself to pro voke the formation of anti-DNA, because Australia antigen does not con tain DNA, but possibly RNA [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-DNA Investigated by the DNA Bentonite Flocculation Technique

Diederichsen¹,

Nielsen²

1975

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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The DNA bentonite flocculation test was used to investigate the presence of antibody to DNA. In most sera a prozone-like phenomenon was found, caused by a non-specific inhibition of serum. Anti-DNA was found with extreme frequency in patients with SLE, chronic liver disease, acute hepatitis, infectious mononucleosis, and blood donors over the age of 60, but was found rarely or not at all in patients with some other diseases or blood donors under 60 years of age.

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“…Investigations by several different groups have revealed little or no nucleic acid. Those investigators who have detected nucleic acid agree that something less than 5% of isolated and purified Au(l) is RNA [9], With the use of detergents, Millman et al [12] from our group and Gerin [8] from Oak Ridge have disrupted the Au particle. Both have shown that Au is composed of lipids and as many as 5 or 6 polypeptides.…”

Section: Locationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Genetic Relationships of Australia Antigen

London¹

1973

Vox Sanguinis

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Australia antigen [Au(l)] has many of the characteristics of an infectious agent and many of the characteristics of an inherited serum protein polymorphism. In multiply transfused patients with thalassemia there is an association between antibodies to genetic markers on immunoglobulins, a known serum protein polymorphism, and antibodies to Australia antigen. There is also evidence that Au itself is polymorphic. It is composed of five or more polypeptides which are immunologically similar to normal human serum proteins (IgG, albumin, transferrin, β-lipoprotein, and the β-la/lc-fraction of complement). Le Bouvier has demonstrated antigenic subtypes of Au; these appear to be inherited traits of the infectious agent. We are testing the hypothesis that the manner in which a particular individual responds to infection with Au is determined by an interaction of the host with the infectious agent and this in turn is largely determined by the genetic make-up of the host and the genetic composition of the agent.

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RNA of Australia Antigen

Cited by 50 publications

References 17 publications

delta Agent: association of delta antigen with hepatitis B surface antigen and RNA in serum of delta-infected chimpanzees.

delta Agent: association of delta antigen with hepatitis B surface antigen and RNA in serum of delta-infected chimpanzees.

Anti-DNA Investigated by the DNA Bentonite Flocculation Technique

The Genetic Relationships of Australia Antigen

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