Risky Substance Use Environments and Addiction: A New Frontier for Environmental Justice Research

Mennis, Jeremy; Stahler, Gerald J.; Mason, Michael

doi:10.3390/ijerph13060607

Cited by 85 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 120 publications

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“…Nevertheless our ndings provide support for the relevance of environmental factors in addictive disorders (37).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Stress and the City: Living in Rural Environment has a Protective Effect on Hospital Readmission Rates in Chronic Psychiatric Disorders

Langguth

Frick

2020

Preprint

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Background:Living in urban environment represents a well-known risk factor for the development of mental disorders. Here we aimed to investigate whether urbanicity has also an effect on the trajectories of psychiatric disorders. For this purpose, we analyzed the relationship between urbanization and hospital readmission risk. Method:We analysed the impact of geospatial, demographic, clinical and socioeconomic data on hospital readmission risk in a sample of 17’145 patients observed during a 12 years period starting from 1996 and leading to 37’697 psychiatric hospitalizations by using a frailty model Results:Living in more urbanized regions was related to an increasing risk for earlier rehospitalization. The impact of urbanicity was less pronounced in patients with affective disorders and more pronounced in patients with co-morbid substance abuse disorder. Shorter distance to the hospital and change of residence increased the readmission risk. Population density, proportion of non-german citizens, local population growth tendency, and local unemployment rate were not associated with readmission risk. Conclusion:A clear impact of urban living environment on the course of mental disorders was demonstrated. In metropolitan regions of our sample it took one year till 50% of discharged patients had been readmitted to the psychiatric clinic, whereas this took 6 years in rural regions.

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“…Nevertheless our ndings provide support for the relevance of environmental factors in addictive disorders (37).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Stress and the City: Living in Rural Environment has a Protective Effect on Hospital Readmission Rates in Chronic Psychiatric Disorders

Langguth

Frick

2020

Preprint

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“…There has however been little focus on how social and material aspects of the broader structural risk environment play a role in shaping unequal drinking behaviours. Mennis et al (2016) call for research that focuses on 'inequities in risky substance use environments' and the implications of this for disparities in related outcomes. Alcohol outlet density may play a role here in shaping particular consumption patterns amongst different income groups.…”

Section: Such Behaviour Led Intervention Population Strategies Have Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol Risk Environments, Vulnerability, and Social Inequalities in Alcohol Consumption

Shortt

Rind²,

Pearce

et al. 2018

Annals of the American Association of Geographers

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Alcohol and alcohol related harm are key public health challenges. Research has shown that individual level factors, such as age and sex, are important predictors of alcohol consumption, but such factors provide only a partial account of the drivers of consumption. In this paper we argue that individual level factors interact with features of the 'risk environment' to increase the vulnerability of individuals to such environments. Features of the alcohol 'risk environment' include the density of alcohol premises in a neighbourhood. Previous research has shown that neighbourhoods with a higher density of alcohol outlets have higher levels of both alcohol consumption and alcohol related harm. There has however been a distinct lack of attention paid to the differential ways in which particular socio-demographic groups may be more vulnerable to such 'risk environments'. In this paper we address the risk environment through a primary focus on the local supply and availability of alcohol products (captured using a measure of outlet density) and the relationship with the harmful use of alcohol. Using responses to the Scottish Health Survey (2008-2011) we explore vulnerability through the interaction between individual level socioeconomic position, measured using household income, and environmental risk to assess differential social vulnerability to such environments. We report findings showing that those in the lowest income groups may be disproportionately affected by outlet density. This evidence suggests that risk environments may not affect us all equally and that there may be socially differentiated vulnerability to such environments.

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“…Several articles in this Special Issue advance environmental health justice scholarship by documenting linkages between unequal environmental exposure and adverse health impacts associated with unsafe infrastructure and homes [5,14], substance use and addiction [15], and children’s obesity and academic performance [16]. Campbell et al [5] provide a detailed assessment of the recent drinking water crisis and lead poisoning in Flint, USA.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their findings indicate that low-cost comprehensive home interventions are effective in reducing environmental home hazards and improve the health of asthmatic children in the short term. Mennis et al’s [15] review article seeks to extend EJ research by including environmental factors influencing substance use disorders—one of the most pressing global public health problems. They demonstrate why inequities in risky substance use environments should be considered as an EJ issue and conclude that future research needs to examine where, why, and how inequities in risky substance use environments occur, the implications of such inequities for disparities in substance use disorders and treatment outcomes, and the implications for tobacco, alcohol, and drug policies as well as prevention and treatment programs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Justice Research: Contemporary Issues and Emerging Topics

Chakraborty

Collins

Grineski

2016

IJERPH

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Environmental justice (EJ) research seeks to document and redress the disproportionate environmental burdens and benefits associated with social inequalities. Although its initial focus was on disparities in exposure to anthropogenic pollution, the scope of EJ research has expanded. In the context of intensifying social inequalities and environmental problems, there is a need to further strengthen the EJ research framework and diversify its application. This Special Issue of the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH) incorporates 19 articles that broaden EJ research by considering emerging topics such as energy, food, drinking water, flooding, sustainability, and gender dynamics, including issues in Canada, the UK, and Eastern Europe. Additionally, the articles contribute to three research themes: (1) documenting connections between unjust environmental exposures and health impacts by examining unsafe infrastructure, substance use, and children’s obesity and academic performance; (2) promoting and achieving EJ by implementing interventions to improve environmental knowledge and health, identifying avenues for sustainable community change, and incorporating EJ metrics in government programs; and (3) clarifying stakeholder perceptions of EJ issues to extend research beyond the documentation of unjust conditions and processes. Collectively, the articles highlight potentially compounding injustices and an array of approaches being employed to achieve EJ.

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Risky Substance Use Environments and Addiction: A New Frontier for Environmental Justice Research

Cited by 85 publications

References 120 publications

Stress and the City: Living in Rural Environment has a Protective Effect on Hospital Readmission Rates in Chronic Psychiatric Disorders

Stress and the City: Living in Rural Environment has a Protective Effect on Hospital Readmission Rates in Chronic Psychiatric Disorders

Alcohol Risk Environments, Vulnerability, and Social Inequalities in Alcohol Consumption

Environmental Justice Research: Contemporary Issues and Emerging Topics

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