Risky and aggressive driving in young adults: Personality matters

Constantinou, Elena; Panayiotou, Georgia; Konstantinou, Nikos; Loutsiou-Ladd, Anthi; Kapardis, Andreas

doi:10.1016/j.aap.2011.02.002

Cited by 269 publications

(153 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Stradling et al, however, found no significant difference between speeding prevalence by males and females, but males were much more likely to drive well in excess of the speed limit (Stradling et al, 2003). The other overarching factor identified by this strand of literature was the significance of age, with younger drivers being more likely to speed (Stradling et al, 2003;Constantinou et al, 2011;Rhodes & Pivik, 2011;Hatfield & Fernandes, 2009). Beyond the tendency for more risky behaviors among younger road users, the literature also suggests that inexperienced drivers tend to underestimate risk (Machin & Sankey, 2008).…”

Section: Unlawful Driver Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In terms of risk factors that may also extend to bicyclists, most papers suggest that male drivers are more likely to speed than females (Conner, Smith, & McMillan, 2003;Constantinou et al, 2011,;Rhodes and Pivik, 2011). Stradling et al, however, found no significant difference between speeding prevalence by males and females, but males were much more likely to drive well in excess of the speed limit (Stradling et al, 2003).…”

Section: Unlawful Driver Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Researchers conducting survey work have long recognized that younger, male populations can be hard-to-reach with conventional population-based surveying techniques (Atkinson and Flint, 2001). And as described in the previous section, the existing literature regarding illegal and/or reckless driving behavior suggests that both younger drivers (Stradling et al, 2003;Constantinou et al, 2011;Rhodes & Pivik, 2011;Hatfield & Fernandes, 2009) and male drivers (Conner, Smith, & McMillan, 2003;Constantinou et al, 2011;Rhodes & Pivik, 2011) are more likely to exhibit such behaviors. If young males bicycle like the research suggests they drive, then looking beyond traditional survey strategies is needed (Atkinson & Flint, 2001).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scofflaw bicycling: Illegal but rational

Marshall

Piatkowski

Johnson

2017

JTLU

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Abstract:Nearly everyone has jaywalked, rolled through a stop sign, or driven a few miles per hour over the speed limit, but most such offenses face no legal consequences. Society also tends to see these relatively minor infractions that almost all people make-though they are unmistakably illegal-as normal and even rational. Bicyclists who break the law, however, seem to attract a higher level of scorn and scrutiny. While the academic literature has exhaustively covered unlawful driving behaviors, there remains little research on bicyclists who break the rules of the road. This paper examines rule-breaking bicyclists and the factors associated with such behaviors. We also explore the question: are bicyclists making rational, albeit illegal, choices-similar to most drivers and pedestrians-or are bicyclists reckless and dangerous? Because it's proven effective for reaching hard-to-reach populations, we employed a snowball-sampling framework and an online, scenario-based survey completed by nearly 18,000 respondents. Via multi-level statistical analyses, our results suggest that younger people and males tend to exhibit higher levels of illegal bicycling behavior, but even when combining high-risk factors, the overwhelming majority of bicyclists are not reckless. Controlling for the context and social norms of the city where one lives tends to outweigh individual bicyclist characteristics such as race/ethnicity and income. Unlawful drivers and pedestrians tend to rationalize their behaviors as time saving; bicyclists similarly rationalize their illegal behaviors but were more inclined to cite increasing their own personal safety and/or saving energy. Most bicyclists can generally be described as rational individuals trying to function safely and efficiently given the context and norms of where they live and the transportation system put in front of them.

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Section: Unlawful Driver Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Unlawful Driver Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scofflaw bicycling: Illegal but rational

Marshall

Piatkowski

Johnson

2017

JTLU

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“…In the case of men, it is claimed that they tend to underestimate the value of physical risks 19 , or that they are less concerned with the legal punishment that might come as a result of committing a violation -such as a ticket or an arrest 20 . This assumption gains more credence in light of the claim that risk-assessment is the most significant predictive factor of the probability of committing traffic violations and being involved in traffic accidents 21 .…”

Section: Risk Assessment and Driving Confidencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nowadays, driving (and mainly the forms of driving that are considered as violating the law) tend to be culturally linked to intense positive emotions (such as the feeling of being "free") -a link influenced, among other factors, by automobile manufacturers' marketing methods and positive depictions of risky driving in the popular media 16 .…”

Section: Literature Review -Variables Involved In Men's Over-involvemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explaining the link between gender and traffic accidents in Israel

Mazliach

2015

PPUAM

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Problematic alcohol use in young adults exposed to childhood trauma: The Trøndelag Health (HUNT) Study

Stangeland,

Aakvaag,

Baumann‐Larsen

et al. 2023

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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Problematic alcohol use (PAU) severely impacts the health, functioning, and long‐term prospects of young people. Prior research indicates that childhood trauma exposure may be an important risk factor for PAU, but few longitudinal studies have looked at how specific trauma types influence this risk. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between childhood trauma exposure and PAU in a large, population‐based cohort of young people. The study sample included 1,913 adolescents who participated in the Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT) between 2006 and 2008 (age range: 12–20) and completed follow‐up 10 years later as young adults (age range: 22–32). The results revealed an increased risk of PAU in young adults exposed to childhood trauma, especially direct physical violence, OR = 2.38, [95% CI 1.56, 3.64]. Young adults who had witnessed violence, OR = 1.55, [95% CI 1.11, 2.17], or experienced an accident, disaster, or other traumatic event, OR = 1.60, [95% CI 1.19, 2.15], also had higher odds of PAU compared to those without such experiences. These associations remained consistent after adjusting for symptoms of headaches and pain as well as posttraumatic and general psychological distress as reported by the participants in adolescence. Future prevention efforts targeting PAU among adolescents and young adults should address violence and other trauma exposure as potential drivers of problematic drinking.

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Risky and aggressive driving in young adults: Personality matters

Cited by 269 publications

References 45 publications

Scofflaw bicycling: Illegal but rational

Scofflaw bicycling: Illegal but rational

Explaining the link between gender and traffic accidents in Israel

Problematic alcohol use in young adults exposed to childhood trauma: The Trøndelag Health (HUNT) Study

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