Risk of sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus with antiretroviral therapy, suppressed viral load and condom use: a systematic review

LeMessurier, J.; Traversy, Gregory; Varsaneux, Olivia; Weekes, Makenzie; Avey, Marc T.; Niragira, O; Gervais, Robert; Guyatt, Gordon; Rodin, Rachel

doi:10.1503/cmaj.180311

Cited by 92 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…34 Viral load suppression, with or without the use of condoms, results in effectively zero new infections. 34 The United States has recently described a plan for ending the HIV epidemic that is based on early detection of new infections and the use of PrEP for high-risk HIV-negative individuals. 35,36 PrEP is the preferred strategy within the MSM community 36 and is effective at reducing HIV acquisition by 90%.…”

Section: Hiv Transmission and Dysbiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Can gut microbiota of men who have sex with men influence HIV transmission?

Coleman

Neff

et al. 2020

Gut Microbes

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2020) Can gut microbiota of men who have sex with men influence HIV transmission?, Gut Microbes, 11:3, 610-619, ABSTRACTGaining a complete understanding of transmission risk factors will assist in efforts to reduce new HIV infections, especially within the disproportionally affected population of men who have sex with men (MSM). We recently reported that the fecal microbiota of MSM elevates immune activation in gnotobiotic mice and enhances HIV infection in vitro over that of fecal microbiota from men who have sex with women. We also demonstrated elevation of the gut homing marker CD103 (integrin αE) on CD4 + T cells by MSM-microbiota. Here we provide additional evidence that the gut microbiota is a risk factor for HIV transmission in MSM by showing elevated frequencies of the HIV co-receptor CCR5 on CD4 + T cells in human rectosigmoid colon biopsies. We discuss our interest in specific MSM-associated bacteria and propose the influx of CD103 + and CCR5 + CD4 + T cells into the colon as a potential link between the MSM microbiota and HIV transmission. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Hiv Transmission and Dysbiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Can gut microbiota of men who have sex with men influence HIV transmission?

Coleman

Neff

et al. 2020

Gut Microbes

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“…The model was based on HIV infection prevalence rates in Brazil considering the year 2017 (1,20) . The 20- The effectiveness data were based on data from the RCT (reduction of viral load) and on data from the literature (general infection rate) (21)(22)(23)(24) . In the model, an estimate was made that, in 2018, approximately 90% of the HIV-infected patients were aware of their serological condition (5) .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic and epidemiological evaluation of text message-based interventions in patients with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Santos

Primeira

Paiva

et al. 2020

Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem

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Objective: to evaluate the cost-effectiveness ratio and the budget impact of sending text messages associated with medical consultations in order to reduce the viral load of patients infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Method: a randomized clinical trial, basis for the development of a dynamic cohort model with Markov states in order to compare medical appointments for adults infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus versus the alternative strategy that associated medical consultations to sending text messages through telephone. Results: 156 adults participated in the study. As for the viral load, it was verified that in the control group there was an increase, in the intervention group A (weekly messages) there was a reduction (p = 0.002) and in group B (biweekly messages) there was no statistically significant difference. Sending text messages would prevent 286,538 new infections by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus and 282 deaths in the 20-year period, compared to the standard treatment. The alternative strategy would result in saving R$ 14 billion in treatment costs. Conclusion: weekly sending messages in association with the standard treatment can reduce the circulating viral load due to its effect in decreasing new infections, in addition to reducing health costs.

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“…an important role in determining the treatment success in this population 4,5 . Poor adherence to ART not only increases the risk of mortality 6 , but also causes HIV transmission to others 7 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Methamphetamine Use Associated with Non-adherence to Antiretroviral Treatment in Men Who Have Sex with Men

Lai

Kuo

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Methamphetamine is a prevalent recreational drug among men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV and could cause the cognitive impairment and memory loss. However, studies on the association between methamphetamine use and adherence to antiretroviral treatment (ART) are limited and had inconsistent findings. This study aimed to determine the impact of methamphetamine use on adherence to ART among MSM living with HIV. From December 2018 to October 2019, MSM living with HIV were recruited (N = 351) and non-adherence to ART was defined as a Medication Adherence Report Scale score of <23. Overall, 16.0% of the participants reported methamphetamine use in the prior three months and 13.4% of the participants had non-adherence to ART. The proportion of non-adherence to ART among HIV-positive MSM were 28.6% and 10.5% with and without methamphetamine use, respectively. After controlling for demographics, illicit drug use, and comorbidities, methamphetamine use during the prior three months was associated with a higher risk of non-adherence to ART (adjusted odds ratio = 3.08; 95% confidence intervals: 1.24-7.69). Compared with HIV-positive MSM with non-adherence to ART, HIV-positive MSM with good adherence to ART had a higher CD4 counts and were more likely to achieve an undetectable viral load. Since poor adherence to ART is associated with an increased HIV viral load and the risk of HIV transmission to others, our study suggests that it is imperative to screen HIV-positive patients for methamphetamine use and to provide effective therapy to reduce methamphetamine use and the associated non-adherence to ART.As of 2018, there are 37.9 million people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) worldwide 1 . The widespread use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has significantly decreased the risk of opportunistic infections and mortality among PLWHA 2,3 . Although ART could markedly improve the survival in PLWHA, treatment compliance to ART plays

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Risk of sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus with antiretroviral therapy, suppressed viral load and condom use: a systematic review

Cited by 92 publications

References 50 publications

Can gut microbiota of men who have sex with men influence HIV transmission?

Can gut microbiota of men who have sex with men influence HIV transmission?

Economic and epidemiological evaluation of text message-based interventions in patients with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Methamphetamine Use Associated with Non-adherence to Antiretroviral Treatment in Men Who Have Sex with Men

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