Risk of developing cognitive impairment on patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Abstract

Background: The increasing number of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) incidence has led to a great negative impact on older people's lives. This chronic disease was a critical and independent risk factor for cognitive function impairment in the elderly with mild cognitive impairment as a frequent feature. This systematic review aimed to examine the risk of developing cognitive impairment in COPD. Methods: A structured search of the literature was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses statement guideline, with a pre-determined search strategy starting from study identification, title and abstract screening, eligibility assessment, and inclusion of relevant study. The search was conducted in PubMed and MEDLINE via EBSCOhost, with restriction to human studies. The studies from inception until January 12, 2021. Results: Five original articles were included. Most studies found that patients with COPD had a higher chance of developing cognitive impairment, especially when patients were followed up for more than 5 years. We discovered that the risk of cognitive impairment seemed to be correlated with the length of time spent following the participants, with the highest risk of cognitive impairment being identified in those who had the longest observation period. It is critical to conduct cognitive screening from the time a diagnosis of COPD is obtained and on a continuing basis in order to recognize and treat these individuals appropriately. Conclusion: There is a potential association between COPD and mild cognitive impairment. We encourage more studies to be done with higher sensitivity and specificity cognitive screening tools in the future to build better evidence and qualify to be analyzed quantitatively with meta-analysis.

Cognitive status and its risk factors in patients with hypertension and diabetes in a low‐income rural area of China: A cross‐sectional study

“…38 A major component of post-warning prevention and management strategies includes multiple factors in addition to age, such as many treatable NCDs, including diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease, as well as lifestyle habits. [39][40][41] Chronic diseases are considered as one of the major causes of age-related cognitive decline. For high-risk populations, such as patients with T2DM, diabetes control led to significant improvement in the cognitive status of patients.…”

Comorbid Cognitive Impairment in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Current Understanding, Risk Factors, Implications for Clinical Practice, and Suggested Interventions

“…Current prevalence estimates of cognitive impairment in COPD patients range from 4% to 61% [16,17]. The wider variations in these estimates are attributed to the study populations, assessment and diagnostic tools, and methodological designs [18,19]. A recent meta-analysis of 14 studies reported that, on average, 32% of patients with COPD are affected by cognitive impairment and that 1 in 4 people with COPD suffer from mild cognitive impairment [18].…”

Cerebral neurovascular alterations in stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a preliminary fMRI study

“…Notably, cognitive impairment is widespread in patients with COPD ( Charbek et al, 2019 ). The prevalence of cognitive impairment is reported to be about 16%–85% in patients with COPD ( Simargi et al, 2022 ; Yohannes et al, 2017 ). Furthermore, COPD increases the risk of cognitive impairment by about 2.5 times ( Dodd, Getov & Jones, 2010 ).…”