Risk of Breast Cancer among Young Women and Importance of Early Screening

Memon, Zahid Ali; Kanwal, Noureen; Sami, Munam; Larik, Parsa Azam; Farooq, Mohammad Zain

doi:10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.17.7485

Cited by 23 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Our results are in contrast to the ndings in most published studies which show that women under the age of 40 are more likely to develop more aggressive breast cancer with worse clinicopathological features [17]. However, a recent study from China showed that with increased early stage and ER positive breast cancer in young patients and with better systemic treatment strategies, improved survival is being observed in this age group [18].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Differences in clinicopathological features and molecular phenotype of breast carcinoma between patients younger than 40 years and those who are older: A study from Pakistan

Idress

Rasheed

Abdul‐Ghafar³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background The debate whether breast cancer in women under 40 years of age is distinct from breast cancer in women above 40 is still inconclusive with various published studies providing conflicting evidence. The majority of studies however suggest that breast cancer in younger women (< 40) is more aggressive with worse clinicopathological features. However, the issue is by no means settled and a number of studies are still going on. Our objective was to analyze different clinicopathological variables and determine whether statistically significant differences are present between those under 40 and those above 40 years of age. The present paper contributes to this debate by reporting our findings. Methods Descriptive cross sectional study of 482 breast cancer cases reported between January and December 31, 2016 which included 380 patients (above 40 years of age) and 102 (under 40 years of age). Variables included grade, stage, axillary lymph node metastases, lymphovascular invasion and molecular groups. p-value less than 0.05 was taken as significant. Results Over 21% patients were younger than 40 years. Differences in histologic grade, stages of T1, T2, and T4, Estrogen Receptor (ER) and Progesterone Receptor (PR) status, Her2neu status, triple negativity and molecular groups between patients younger than 40 years and those older than 40 years were statistically insignificant. Differences in stage T3, axillary metastases and lymphovascular invasion were statistically significant. Conclusion Statistically significant differences were noted in some clinicopathological variables. Majority of variables indicating more aggressive disease were seen in patients older than 40 years of age. Additional studies with larger number of patients under 40 years of age are required to resolve the issue conclusively so that young women with breast cancer are not treated too aggressively unless there is unequivocal statistical evidence that breast cancer is more aggressive in patients under 40 years of age.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Differences in clinicopathological features and molecular phenotype of breast carcinoma between patients younger than 40 years and those who are older: A study from Pakistan

Idress

Rasheed

Abdul‐Ghafar³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…American Cancer Society recommends that women in the 20s and 30s, every 3 years should be clinical breast examined by a health professional (11). In our study, most participants have less than 40 yr, and the mean age was 35.7 (+5.7).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Although breast cancer at a young age is rare, it is a bad prognostic factor (11). In Karachi, Pakistan, between the years 1995 and 1997, the incidence of breast cancer in ages 15-24 and 25-37 were 2.9% and 27.4%, respectively, which was the highest cancer presentation at these age groups (11). The importance of design breast cancer screening programs in women with any symptom and screening should not be limited to older age (11).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the national cancer institute's PDQ (Physician Data Query) cancer information summary about breast cancer, early menarche, defines as the beginning of menstrual periods at or before age 11, consider as a risk factor for breast cancer and each year delay in the age of menarche, reduces the risk of breast cancer by 6% (11). In our study, 9.9% reported having had early menarche in comparison that early menarche was in 3.3% (11). This factor puts them exposed to the risk of breast cancer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Breast Cancer Screening Among Medical Staff in Tehran, Iran: Improvement of Early Detection

Yahyazadeh¹,

Beheshti²,

Abdollahinejad³

et al. 2020

ACTA

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Breast cancer is the most prevalent Iranian female malignancy. Breast screening reduces the number of malignant breast diseases. We aimed to assess the results of the pilot breast cancer screening on early detection in female medical staff in Milad Hospital, Tehran, Iran. A cross-sectional study. Female medical staff from Milad Hospital, Tehran, Iran, were examined by a specialist in 2016. A checklist, including demographic data, was completed by the participants. If necessary, they referred to as sonography or mammography. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Of 746 people enrolled, 137 had no pathological point, 609 had suspicious or positive findings that were referred for further investigation, 449 had normal findings, and 7 had suspicious mass and were biopsied, 6 were benign. One case had primary invasive cancer. Since screening for breast cancer helps to early detection of this disease, the implementation of cancer screening programs should be on the priority of health authorities.

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“…In spite the pathogenesis of BC is not definite, documents demonstrate that various factors participate in the onset of BC [ 24 – 26 ]. Besides, increasing evidences manifest that the genetic backgrounds may decide the individual susceptibility to BC development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between CCR5 Δ32 polymorphism and susceptibility to breast cancer

Yuan

Liu

et al. 2017

Oncotarget

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BackgroundChemokine C-C motif receptor 5 (CCR5) gene polymorphisms have been proposed to play important roles in tumors. Δ32 polymorphism of this gene might correlate with breast cancer (BC) susceptibility. Nevertheless, inconsistent conclusions have been achieved as yet. We carried out this meta-analysis to draw a more comprehensive and convincing conclusion on this issue.ResultsNo significant correlation of CCR5 Δ32 polymorphism with individual susceptibility to BC was detected in either total analysis (Δ32 vs. WT: OR=1.12, 95% CI=0.76-1.65; WT/Δ32 vs. WT/WT: OR=1.21, 95% CI=0.81-1.80) or subgroup analyses by ethnicity and control source.MethodsAll eligible studies were searched from electronic databases including Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), PubMed, EMBASE, and Google Scholar Web. Strength of association between CCR5 Δ32 polymorphism and BC susceptibility was evaluated using pooled odds ratios (ORs) with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). To further detect their correlation in specific populations, subgroup analyses were performed based on ethnicity and control source. Sensitivity analysis was conducted in this meta-analysis to test statistical stability of the final results. Publication bias among included studies was inspected with Begg’s funnel plot and Egger’s test.ConclusionCCR5 Δ32 polymorphism may not independently affect the risk of BC.

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Risk of Breast Cancer among Young Women and Importance of Early Screening

Cited by 23 publications

References 24 publications

Differences in clinicopathological features and molecular phenotype of breast carcinoma between patients younger than 40 years and those who are older: A study from Pakistan

Differences in clinicopathological features and molecular phenotype of breast carcinoma between patients younger than 40 years and those who are older: A study from Pakistan

Breast Cancer Screening Among Medical Staff in Tehran, Iran: Improvement of Early Detection

The association between CCR5 Δ32 polymorphism and susceptibility to breast cancer

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