Risk of Atherosclerosis and<i>Helicobacter pylori</i>Infection according to CD14 Promotor Polymorphism in Healthy Korean Population

Kang, Sang Bum; Chung, Woo Chul; Song, Sang‐Wook; Joo, Kyu Re; Lee, Hyewon; Kang, Donghoon; Lee, Joune Seup; Lee, Kang-Moon

doi:10.1155/2013/570597

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Lyme carditis is one of the chronic infections of Lyme disease, and an independent study reported seropositivity results for anti -Borrelia IgG antibodies in carotid atherosclerosis [88]. In addition, a recent study observed biofilm formation in atherosclerotic plaques, which indeed suggests that biofilms could be present in cardiac tissues and be a part of the biofilm community with several other species [89, 90].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Borrelia and Chlamydia can form mixed biofilms in infected human skin tissues

Sapi

Gupta

Wawrzeniak

et al. 2019

EuJMI

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Our research group has recently shown that Borrelia burgdorferi , the Lyme disease bacterium, is capable of forming biofilms in Borrelia-infected human skin lesions called Borrelia lymphocytoma (BL). Biofilm structures often contain multiple organisms in a symbiotic relationship, with the goal of providing shelter from environmental stressors such as antimicrobial agents. Because multiple co-infections are common in Lyme disease, the main questions of this study were whether BL tissues contained other pathogenic species and/or whether there is any co-existence with Borrelia biofilms. Recent reports suggested Chlamydia -like organisms in ticks and Borrelia -infected human skin tissues; therefore, Chlamydia -specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyses were performed in Borrelia -positive BL tissues. Analyses of the sequence of the positive PCR bands revealed that Chlamydia spp. DNAs are indeed present in these tissues, and their sequences have the best identity match to Chlamydophila pneumoniae and Chlamydia trachomatis. Fluorescent immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization methods demonstrated the presence of Chlamydia antigen and DNA in 84% of Borrelia biofilms. Confocal microscopy revealed that Chlamydia locates in the center of Borrelia biofilms, and together, they form a well-organized mixed pathogenic structure. In summary, our study is the first to show Borrelia-Chlamydia mixed biofilms in infected human skin tissues, which raises the questions of whether these human pathogens have developed a symbiotic relationship for their mutual survival.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Borrelia and Chlamydia can form mixed biofilms in infected human skin tissues

Sapi

Gupta

Wawrzeniak

et al. 2019

EuJMI

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“…Further studies have revealed that infection is closely associated with CHD. Epidemiological studies have shown that pathogens such as Chlamydia [ 36 – 42 ], Cytomegalovirus (CMV) [ 43 – 46 ], and Helicobacter pylori are involved in the occurrence and development of AS [ 47 – 51 ]. CMV infection has received increased attention since Frabricant successfully established an experimental AS model in chickens infected with CMV [ 52 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human cytomegalovirus infection and coronary heart disease: a systematic review

Zhang

Liu

2018

Virol J

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BackgroundHuman cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection is closely associated with coronary heart disease.Main body of the abstractIn 1987, Adam et al. were the first to report an association between HCMV infection and atherosclerosis (AS), and later, many serum epidemiology and molecular biology studies showed that HCMV-infected endothelial cells play an important role in the development of AS. As patients with HCMV are generally susceptible to coronary heart disease, and with the increasing elderly population, a review of recent studies focusing on the relationships of HCMV infection and coronary heart disease is timely and necessary.Short conclusionThe role of HCMV infection in the development of AS needs further study, since many remaining issues need to be explored and resolved. For example, whether HCMV promotes the development of coronary AS, and what the independent factors that lead to coronary artery AS by viral infection are. A comprehensive understanding of HCMV infection is needed in order to develop better strategies for preventing AS.

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“…Recent literature evidences on atherosclerosis as a chronic inflammatory disease has invigorated many efforts to examine the role played by pathogens in the cause of infections [3]. Three Gram-negative organisms Chlamydophila pneumoniae, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Helicobacter pylori have attracted most serious consideration in association with atherosclerosis [4][5][6]. Seroepidemiologic studies were followed by researchers in which the pathogens were identified in vascular tissue from patients with cardiovascular disease by electron microscopy, PCR, and immuno cytochemical staining.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The infection is linked to the early stages of coronary atherosclerosis rather than advanced coronary atherosclerosis. Action of Helicobacter pylori either directly on vascular cells or via indirectly affects by cytokines and acute-phase proteins at non-vascular sites is incriminated in this acceleration of atherosclerosis [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Putative Drug Targets and Vaccine Candidates for Pathogens Causing Atherosclerosis

Hema¹,

Priyadarshini²

2015

Biochem Anal Biochem

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Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory artery disease, responsible for both cardiovascular (heart) and cerebrovascular (brain) stroke with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Infectious pathogens such as Chlamydophila pneumoniae, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Helicobacter pylori are shown to be associated with the disease in recent epidemiological studies. Therefore, identification of common drug targets and vaccine candidates against these three pathogens would be vital towards therapy and management of atherosclerosis. Chlamydophila pneumonia was selected as a reference organism due to its predominant role in atherosclerosis. Implementing comparative genomic approach, subtractive genomic approach, metabolic pathway analysis, non-homologous gut flora analysis and domain search analysis, 35 common putative drug targets were identified against pathogens of atherosclerosis. Subcellular localization studies were performed and identified UvrABC protein as vaccine candidate. Metabolic pathway analysis has showed that, out of 35 drug targets, 14 enzymes were participating in key pathways linked to pathogen's survival, proliferation and pathogenesis without any alternative mechanism to synthesize the product. The gut microbiota analysis was performed to identify the drug targets which do not affect the microbiota in the humans. Domain search was performed for the identified 14 drug targets using Pfam and SMART databases and protein network analysis was carried out using STRING and Cytoscape v3.2.0. The drug targets and vaccine candidates proposed in the present study would serve as basis to design potent inhibitors and subunit vaccines through in silico approach for combating atherosclerosis caused by infectious pathogens.

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Risk of Atherosclerosis andHelicobacter pyloriInfection according to CD14 Promotor Polymorphism in Healthy Korean Population

Cited by 3 publications

References 40 publications

Borrelia and Chlamydia can form mixed biofilms in infected human skin tissues

Borrelia and Chlamydia can form mixed biofilms in infected human skin tissues

Human cytomegalovirus infection and coronary heart disease: a systematic review

Identification of Putative Drug Targets and Vaccine Candidates for Pathogens Causing Atherosclerosis

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