Risk Management in Exploration Drilling

Thorogood, John; Hovde, Finn; Loefsgaard, Dag

doi:10.2118/61038-ms

Cited by 4 publications

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References 4 publications

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“…Diversos trabalhos podem ser encontrados na literatura destacando a fase de planejamento como sendo um valioso recurso a ser utilizado. Thorogood et al (2000), por exemplo, afirmam que a falta de planejamento e antecipação de eventos são dois dos principais fatores responsáveis pela ocorrência de anormalidades.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Uma metodologia para analise de dados de perfuração de poços de desenvolvimento

Rabelo¹,

Morooka²

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Dedico este trabalho à minha família, em especial, aos meus pais, Margareth e Aglaê. v AgradecimentoEste trabalho foi desenvolvido com o apoio de diversas pessoas, às quais presto meus sinceros agradecimentos.À minha família, pelo amor e incentivo. Em especial aos meus pais, cujo apoio em todos os momentos da minha vida foi fundamental para que eu obtivesse mais esta conquista, e aos meus primos, Ary e Daniela, que me acolheram em Campinas de uma forma muito carinhosa.Ao meu namorado, Schwan, pela paciência nos momentos difíceis e pelo companheirismo de todas as horas.Ao Prof. Celso Morooka, pela oportunidade de poder realizar este trabalho e pela orientação na busca pelo conhecimento científico.Ao meu co-orientador, Dr. Kazuo Miura, pelas importantes contribuições feitas para este estudo e por todo conhecimento compartilhado. Ao Prof. Ivan Rizzo, pelo apoio e aconselhamentos que ajudaram a melhorar a qualidade desta dissertação. Um agradecimento especial ao Prof. José Ricardo, pelas valiosas idéias, fundamentais para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho, e pelo exemplo de competência. vi Aos amigos, pelas palavras de encorajamento e amizade. Aos colegas e professores do DEP, pelo auxílio durante esta minha jornada. Em especial à Beth, Naissa e Denis, cujas mãos substituíram as minhas nos momentos em que não pude estar presente na Unicamp. À CAPES, pelo apoio financeiro. E, finalmente, a Deus, pois sem Ele nada disso seria possível. vii Resumo

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Section: Introductionunclassified

Uma metodologia para analise de dados de perfuração de poços de desenvolvimento

Rabelo¹,

Morooka²

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Exploration Drilling in the Russian Far East: Two Years of Experience and Learning Offshore Sakhalin Island

2006

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An exploration well drilled by a joint venture between Rosneft and BP in the summer of 2004 was the first success after a long period of no exploration activity. It represented a step out into a new and untested exploration play. Wells in Sakhalin involve a permitting cycle that lasts for 7 months and a logistical supply chain that extends 3,500 miles back to Singapore, Figure 1. The sea ice-free weather window lasts from late June until mid-November, with severe storms building from September onwards. Environmental restrictions stipulate that all mud and cuttings from below the 30″ conductor, even though the well may be drilled with a water-based mud, cannot be discharged to the environment and must be recovered for disposal. The team overcame a wide range of organisational, logistical, regulatory, environmental and technical challenges to drill the well in the summer of 2004. Despite the highly compressed schedule, the operation was conducted with no harm to people or damage to the environment. The lessons learned were consolidated and formed the basis for a successful season in 2005 with a different rig. Introduction Oil has been produced from Sakhalin since the 1920s. Offshore exploration was carried out in the 1970s and 1980s leading to the discovery of the major fields presently being developed by the Sakhalin 1 and Sakhalin 2 Production Sharing Agreements, figure 2. In 1996, Marathon published an account of their 1992 operation, reference 1, describing how they drilled their early appraisal wells using mostly locally supplied drilling units, aviation support and services. At that time it was still possible to obtain a permit to discharge drilling fluids and cuttings to the sea and Marathon carried out significant work to compare the discharge requirements in Russia with those in Europe and the USA, reference 2. BP is a 49% shareholder in a joint venture with Rosneft. The operations base is located in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk at the South end of Sakhalin Island (47 deg N, 143 deg E). The operation takes place offshore at the North end of the Island, in about 100 m water, 500 miles away from the base office, figure 2. Although the southern Sakhalin ports are ice-free all year round, the main logistics base at Moskalvo, in the North, is only accessible from early June and freezes up in early November. The drilling location is clear of ice by late June. The weather is generally fine during the summer although typhoons moving north from Japan can give rise to storms with 90 kt gusts. Weather forecasting is difficult, the consistency being low. Storms gather pace rapidly during September and remain intense through the winter. The Organisation Within the Joint Venture Company, Rosneft personnel contribute their understanding of operations in Russia while the BP heritage staff brings their technical knowledge of safe operations in remote harsh environments. The operations team is based in Sakhalin. After the initial phase in 2003, all the engineering, logistics and permitting activities were carried out on the Island. The subsurface team are located in Houston. The project team is responsible for executing the entire scope of the activity. With limited infrastructure, this involves: well engineering, operations supervision, aviation, logistics, shore base, incident management, blowout contingency planning, health, safety, environmental compliance, cuttings disposal, permitting, IT systems and all aspects of telecommunications. In 2003 a project organisation was created to fulfil all of these functions based on experience from earlier campaigns, reference 3. With continued operations, this has now evolved into a permanent team staffed on a rotational basis.

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The Technical Limit - Illusion and Reality

Marshall

2001

All Days

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The Technical Limit is a means of achieving a step-change in drilling performance the application of which has resulted in an improvement in operational performance against previous benchmarks. This is the reality. However, this paper will endeavour to demonstrate that the Technical Limit does not, by itself, optimise well construction costs since a significant proportion of this cost is not impacted directly by the Technical Limit approach. This is the illusion. The paper examines the cost structure of the well as complementary to the Technical Limit's analysis of the time structure. It further emphasises the importance of the application of project management techniques to the well construction process and the necessity to include the typically ancillary functions of finance, contracting and procurement within the core well construction team in addition to the traditional operational skills. Competence assurance of these ancillary functions is as important as the core engineering function in order to optimise the well construction costs. Introduction The Technical Limit is defined as the best possible well construction performance for a given set of design parameters1. Shell Expro's equivalent "Drilling the Limit" is defined as maximising the value of the wells by achieving low Unit Technical Cost2. The reality of the Technical Limit is that it has demonstrated substantial improvements in well construction performance against offset wells; the illusion is that the Technical Limit optimises well construction costs. It optimises operational time but not total value. This paper will endeavour to show that by reducing operational time to the Technical Limit we impact only a part of the well construction process and hence the total cost. In order to optimise the total cost, it is necessary to consider the process in its entirety and not be limited to shifting the time / depth curve to the left, important though this is. Moreover, the Technical Limit, by definition, requires valid offset well data upon which the detailed time analysis can be carried out. What happens when there is no offset data or it is of limited validity? Woodside Offshore Petroleum Pty. Ltd., the originators of this concept, themselves note that the Technical Limit methodology is best suited to complex, high cost drilling projects such as extended reach drilling developments3. However, many well construction projects do not fit these criteria. Related to this issue is comparative benchmarking between wells. One common means of benchmarking is to compare time/depth curves between wells on the assumption that the "better" well is the one whose curve is to the left of the other. This may be the case in performance terms but is not necessarily the case in cost terms. This paper will demonstrate an approach that complements the Technical Limit as a means of optimising the well construction costs for all well types by focusing on the cost structure of the well not the time structure. The Well Construction Process Well construction is made up of four phases :DesignPlanningExecution, comprising ; Mobilisation Operations Demobilisation Analysis and review

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Risk Management in Exploration Drilling

Cited by 4 publications

References 4 publications

Uma metodologia para analise de dados de perfuração de poços de desenvolvimento

Uma metodologia para analise de dados de perfuração de poços de desenvolvimento

Exploration Drilling in the Russian Far East: Two Years of Experience and Learning Offshore Sakhalin Island

The Technical Limit - Illusion and Reality

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