Risk factors leading to peptic ulcer disease: systematic review in literature

Abstract

This review is aiming to discuss the risk factors which lead to the occurrence of PUD during the period from July 2018 to August 2018. The present review was conducted by searching in Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Science Direct, BMJ journal and Google Scholar for, researches, review articles and reports, published over the past years. Books published on peptic ulcers and on the pathogenesis of human disease were also included., were searched up to August 2018 for published and unpublished studies and without language restrictions, the selected studies were summarized and un reproducible studies were excluded. If several studies had similar findings, we randomly selected one or two to avoid repetitive results. On the basis of findings and results this review found the H. Pylori and the use of NSAIDs are the most common risk factors for developing PUD, and also the genetic, stress and comorbidity increase the risk of PUD occurrence so successful eradication and prevention of the risk factors should be conducted to prevent the presence of PUD and is complication.

Comparative histological and histochemical studies between ranitidine and nizatidine in treatment of peptic ulcer with evaluation of their adverse effects on male sex hormones

“…Gastric ulcers are common diseases constituting one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality for more than a century (Hoogerwerf & Pasricha, 2006). Peptic ulcer is a common disease worldwide defined as "a defect in the mucosa of stomach or duodenum that exceeds the layer of muscularis mucosa injuries as a result of imbalance between the defensive and the aggressive factors affecting the mucosal epithelium" (Asali et al, 2018).…”

The gastroprotective effect of the foxtail millet and adlay processing product against stress-induced gastric mucosal lesions in rats

“…Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is a common disorder of the gastrointestinal system also known as peptic ulcer or gastric ulcers, follows gastric mucosal injuries as a result of imbalance between the defensive and the aggressive factors affecting the mucous. 1 The leading cause of PUD include Helicobacter pylori infection, 2 and the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs, such as aspirin, Advil or Motrin (ibuprofen), Aleve (naproxen), and others), are the major risk factors for PUD, and also the genetic, pepsin, smoking, alcohol, bile-acids, steroids and stress and comorbidity increase the risk of PUD occurrence. 1 Stress is an acute (single or short exposure) threat to homeostasis that evokes an allostatic or adaptive response, affects the function of the gastrointestinal tract either in short-or-long term impacts.…”

Endoscopic Outcome of non complicated Gastric Ulcer following Standard Medical Treatment in sub-Saharan African Population

“…The global prevalence and incidence of peptic ulcer disease (PUD) are 17.2 million (95% uncertainty interval 15.0-19.3) and 6.7 million (95% uncertainty interval 6.1-7.4) respectively, for all ages and both genders combined 1 .The main demographic characteristics associated with the disease are male gender and advanced age, while the main etiological factors are Helicobacter pylori infection and the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) 2,3 . The advent of effective medical treatments has led to a decrease in the incidence of the disease, high rates of ulcer healing and a significant decrease in disease complications since the 1980s 2.…”